2.8 Cell Respiration Flashcards
Cell Respiration
The controlled release of energy from organic compounds to produce ATP
Main organic compound used for Cell Respiration
Carbohydrates (glucose)
Digestible organic compounds
Carbohydrates (glucose), lipids and protiens
The two main types of cell respiration
Anaerobic respiration and Aerobic respiration
Anaerobic respiration
involves the partial breakdown of glucose in the cytosol for a small yield of ATP
Aerobic Respiration
utilises oxygen to completely break down glucose in the mitochondria for a larger ATP yield
ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
high energy molecule that functions as an immediate source of power for cell processes
What does one molecule of ATP contain
three covalently linked phosphate groups – which store potential energy in their bonds
Digestible organic compounds
Carbohydrates (glucose), lipids and proteins
How cell respiration regenerates ATP
Uses energy stored in organic molecules to regenerate ATP from ADP + Pi (via oxidation)
How is ATP used by the cell
When ATP is hydrolyzed to form ADP + Pi, energy stored in the phosphate bond is released to be used by the cell
The beginning of anaerobic and aerobic respiration
the anaerobic breakdown of glucose in the cytosol by glycolysis
The product of glucose broken down by glycolysis
Glucose (6-C) into 2 molecules of pyruvate (3C)
Hydrogen carriers & A small yield of ATP
Contrast Anaerobic and Aerobic respiration
Anaerobic - proceeds in the absence of oxygen & does not result in the production of further ATP molecules
Aerobic - requires oxygen and takes in mitochrondrion
purpose of anaerobic respiration
- When a short, but fast burst of ATP is needed
- When respiring cells run out of oxygen
- In an environment that lacks oxygen (like soil overly full of water)
