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IB DP Biology SL > 6.1 Digestion and Abslrbtk > Flashcards

6.1 Digestion and Abslrbtk Flashcards

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1
Q

Where is Amylase made

A

Salivary glands

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2
Q

Where does Amylase work

A

The mouth

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3
Q

What is the substrate of Amylase

A

Amylose or starch

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4
Q

What is the product of Amylase

A

Maltose

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5
Q

Where is Protease made?

A

The stomach

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6
Q

Where does Protease work?

A

Protein

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7
Q

What is the substrate of Protease

A

Long polypeptides

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8
Q

What is the product of Protease

A

Short polypeptides

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9
Q

Where are Amylase/Lipase/Protease made

A

The Pancreas

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10
Q

Where do Amylase/Lipase/Protease work

A

The small intestine

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11
Q

What is the substrate of Amylase/Lipase/Protease

A

Amylose/lipids/Proteins

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12
Q

What is the product of Amylase/Lipase/Protease

A

Maltase/Fatty Acids/Shorter Polypeptides

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13
Q

Where is Nuclease made

A

The intestine

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14
Q

What is the substrate of Nuclease

A

DNA and RNA

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15
Q

What is the product of Nuclease

A

Nucleotides

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16
Q

What is the substrate of Lactase

A

Lactose

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17
Q

What is the product of Lactase

A

Glucose and Galactose

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18
Q

What is the substrate of Lipase when in the small intestine by the pancreas

A

Triglycerides

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19
Q

What is the product of Lipase when in the small intestine by the pancreas

A

Fatty Acids and Glycerol

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20
Q

What is the substrate of Phospholipase when in the small intestine by the pancreas

A

Phospholipids

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21
Q

What is the product of phospholipase when in the small intestine by the pancreas

A

Fatty acids, glycerol and phosphate

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22
Q

What is the substrate of Protease when in the small intestine by the pancreas

A

Proteins and Polypeptides

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23
Q

What is the product of Protease when in the small intestine by the pancreas

A

Shorter Polypeptides

24
Q

What is the substrate of Nuclease when produced by the wall of the intestine to complete digestion

A

DNA and RNA

25
Q

What is the product of Nuclease when produced by the wall of the intestine to complete digestion

A

Nucleotides

26
Q

What is the substrate of Maltase when produced by the wall of the intestine to complete digestion

A

Maltose

27
Q

What is the product of Maltase when produced by the wall of the intestine to complete digestion

A

Glucose

28
Q

What is the substrate of Lactase when produced by the wall of the intestine to complete digestion

A

Lactose

29
Q

What is the product of Lactase when produced by the wall of the intestine to complete digestion

A

Glucose and Galactose

30
Q

What is the substrate of Sucrase when produced by the wall of the intestine to complete digestion

A

Sucrose

31
Q

What is the product of Sucrase when produced by the wall of the intestine to complete digestion

A

Glucose and Fructose

32
Q

What is the substrate of Exopeptidase(protease) when produced by the wall of the intestine to complete digestion

A

Polypeptide

33
Q

What is the product of Exopeptidase(protease) when produced by the wall of the intestine to complete digestion

A

Dipeptides

34
Q

What is the substrate of Dipeptidase(protease) when produced by the wall of the intestine to complete digestion

A

Dipeptide

35
Q

What is the product of Dipeptidase(protease) when produced by the wall of the intestine to complete digestion

A

Amino Acids

36
Q

What does the small intestine absorb

A

Usable food substances
Nutrients - monosaccharides, amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, etc.

37
Q

What does the large intestine absorb

A

Water & dissolved minerals from indigestible food residues

38
Q

Structure of the small intestine

A

4 main tissues layers (From outside to inside -)
Serosa
Muscle Layer
Submucosa
Mucosa

39
Q

Serosa

A

Most outer layer of the small intestine
- protective outer covering
- layer of cells reinforced by fibrous connective tissue

40
Q

Muscle layer

A

Second outer later of small intestine
- outer layer of longitudinal muscle
- inner layer of circular muscle (segmentation)

41
Q

Submucosa

A

Second inner layer of small intestine
- composed of connective tissue
- separates the muscle layer from mucosa

42
Q

Mucosa

A

Innermost layer of small intestine
-highly folded
- absorbs material through surface epithelium from intestinal lumen

43
Q

ileum

A

final section of the small intestine

44
Q

epithelium

A

thin layer of tissue that covers organs and glands

45
Q

Villi surface area

A

vili increases the surface area of
epithelium which absorption is carried out by

46
Q

Location of vili

A

the inner epithelial, in the intestinal lumen

47
Q

Vili

A

Highly folded, finger like projections in epithelial lining

48
Q

Features of vili

A

MR SLIM
- Microvilli
- Rich blood supply
- Single layer epithelium
- Lacteals
- Intestinal glands
- Membrane

49
Q

Villi - Microvilli

A

Ruffling of epithelial membrane further increases surface area

50
Q

Villi - Rich blood supply

A

Dense capillary network rapidly transports absorbed products

51
Q

Villi - Single layer epithelium

A

Minimises diffusion distance between lumen and blood

52
Q

Villi - Lacteals

A

Absorbs lipids from the intestine into the lymphatic system

53
Q

Vili - Intestinal glands

A

Exocrine pits release digestive juices

54
Q

Villi - Membrane proteins

A

Facilitates transport of digested materials into epithelial cells

55
Q

from absorption …

A

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IB DP Biology SL (20 decks)

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