6.3 Pelvic walls, muscles and fascia

Question 1

What innervates the posterior pelvic wall?

Answer 1

Lumbosacral trunk, anterior rami of sacral spinal nerves S1-S4

Question 2

What arteries supply the posterior pelvic wall?

Answer 2

External iliac artery, common iliac artery, internal iliac artery

Question 3

What innervates the lateral pelvic wall?

Answer 3

Obturator nerve

Question 4

What arteries supply the lateral pelvic wall?

Answer 4

Umbilical artery and the Obturator artery

Question 5

Describe the muscles of the pelvic floor

Answer 5

Piriformis on the posterior wall (moves through the greater sciatic foramen to the mid part of sacrum) and Obturator internus on the lateral wall (from obturator foramen to lesser sciatic notch)

Question 6

Describe the 2 types of pelvic fascia

Answer 6

Obturator fascis over the obturator internus and the Tendionus arch which is a thickening of fascia at the levator ani insertion

Question 7

Describe Levator Ani and its muscles

Answer 7

Pubococcygeus, Puborectalis, Iliococcygeus, Ishiococcygeus

Question 8

What are the functions of the pelvic floor?

Answer 8

Support the viscera, raising the pelvic floor, continence, defection and childbirth

Question 9

What is the nerve supply of the pelvic floor?

Answer 9

Segmental supply via S3/S4 from above and Pudenal nerve from below

Question 10

What is the major nerve that supplies the pelvic floor?

Answer 10

Pudenal nerve

Question 11

What is a cystocoele?

Answer 11

Herniation of the bladder into the anterior vaginal wall

Question 12

What is a urethrocoele?

Answer 12

Herniation of the urethra into the anterior vaginal wall

Question 13

What is a rectocoele?

Answer 13

Herniation of the rectum into the posterior vaginal wall