2.1 Diaphragm: Mechanisms of Breathing Flashcards
Which side of the diaphragm is higher and why?
Right side is higher as the left has the heart pushing down on it
What is the median arcuate ligament?
It connects the right and left crus, it forms an arch that forms the aortic hiatus which allows passage for the aorta, azygous vein and the thoracic duct to pass
What is the medial arcuate ligament?
It is a tendinous fascia that overlies psoas major as it passed through the diaphragm. it attaches to the side of the first and second lumbar vertebrae
What is the Lateral arcuate ligament?
It is a ligament under the diaphragm that arches across quadratus lumborium forming an arch
What structure passes through the diaphragm at T8?
IVC, most anterior structure that passes through the diaphragm
What structure passes through the diaphragm at T12?
Aorta, most posterior structure that passes through the diaphragm
At what level does the oesophagus pass through the diaphragm?
Most medial structure that passes through the diaphragm at T10
What nerve innervates the diaphragm?
Phrenic nerves
What level do the phrenic nerves exit and what specifically does it innervate?
C3, 4, 5 and motor to all of the diaphragm while sensory to only the central diaphragm and the pericardium
What sensory innervation does the diaphragm have peripherally?
Lower intercostal nerves
Describe the pump handle
When sternum elevates ribs 2-6 move forward
Describe the bucket handle
When sternum elevates ribs 7-10 move outwards
Attachments of Scalenes and purpose?
1 and 2 rib attachments and elevate with expansion
What muscle is considered an inspirator?
External intercostals
Internal intercostals role in breathing?
Medially and laterally expand
