4.1 Posterior abdominal wall

Question 1

What are the muscles of the posterior abdominal wall?

Answer 1

Psoas major, Psoas minor, Quadratus Lumborum and Iliacus

Question 2

Describe Psoas majors borders

Answer 2

Over transverse processes as one continuous origin with vertebrae T12-L5, lateral border is oblique, passes beneath inguinal ligament inserting onto lesser trochanter, has its own fascial layer

Question 3

Describe Psoas minor borders

Answer 3

From T12-L1, tendon blends with fascia of Psoas major

Question 4

Describe Quadratus Lumborum

Answer 4

Attaches to the iliac crest, transverse process of L5 and inserting into 12th rib. Psoas major overlies it

Question 5

Describe Iliacus

Answer 5

In Iliac fossa, passes under inguinal ligament to lesser trochanter to make tendon of iliopsoas, has its own fascial layer

Question 6

What are intraperitoneal viscera?

Answer 6

Viscera that are inside the peritoneal cavity that are connected to the wall by a mesentary and covered by parietal peritoneal

Question 7

What are retroperitoneal viscera?

Answer 7

Viscera outside the peritoneal cavity

Question 8

Describe the Kidneys location

Answer 8

Around the level T12-L3 infront of rib 12, close relation with the diaphragm, apex has adrenal glands.

Question 9

What is the outer cortex?

Answer 9

It is a a continuous later, pale, and surrounds the medulla

Question 10

What is the medulla?

Answer 10

Discontinuous later containing dark pyramids

Question 11

Are there few or many renal arteries?

Answer 11

There are 5 renal arteries

Question 12

What is different for the R renal artery?

Answer 12

It has to get around the IVC to get to the Hilum

Question 13

Where are the 3 sites of narrowing in the ureters?

Answer 13

Pelvic brim, origin of the ureter and the exit to the bladder

Question 14

Describe the features of the Large Intestine

Answer 14

Haustra, Fat tags, 3 muscle bands (Tenia)

Question 15

What are the 2 flexures called?

Answer 15

Right colic (hepatic) flexture and the Left colic (splenic) flexture

Question 16

What are the 2 surfaces of the Liver called?

Answer 16

Diaphragmatic and visceral surfaces

Question 17

What is classified as the functional left lobe?

Answer 17

Caudate, Quadrate and the Left lobe

Question 18

What does the Gallbladder do?

Answer 18

Stores and concentrates bile

Question 19

Name the duct system of the Gallbladder

Answer 19

Left Hepatic Duct joins with the Right Hepatic Duct to form the Common Hepatic Duct. This joins with the bile that has been stored in the body of the gallbladder to form the Common Bile Duct. This continues to Major Duodenal Papilla

Question 20

Name the anatomy of the Pancreas

Answer 20

Head, Neck and Tail with a principle pancreatic duct

Question 21

What surrounds the head of the Pancreas?

Answer 21

The Duodenum

Question 22

Where does the tail of the Pancreas lead?

Answer 22

To the hilum of the Spleen

Question 23

What are the 2 surfaces of the Spleen called?

Answer 23

Diaphragmatic and visceral

Question 24

What does the hilum of the Spleen contain?

Answer 24

Splenic artery, splenic vein and gastrophrenic ligament

Question 25

Where is the anatomical position of the Spleen?

Answer 25

Beneath the diaphragm, above the L colic flexture, near ribs 9,10,11, axis lies across left 10th rib