1.2 Thoracic Wall and Breast

Question 1

How can you classify the ribs?

Answer 1

True (1-7), False (8-10), Floating (11-12)

Question 2

How can you classify ribs 3-9 and what are their characteristics?

Answer 2

Typical ribs- curved, flat

Question 3

How can you classify ribs 1, 2, 10-12 and what are their characteristics?

Answer 3

Atypical- different markings

Question 4

Where are the articulations for the ribs on a vertebrae?

Answer 4

Superior demi-facet, Inferior demi-facet and Costal facet

Question 5

Where does the superior demi-facet articulate on a vertebrae?

Answer 5

With rib of same number and inferior demi-facet of vertebrae above

Question 6

Where does the costal facet articulate?

Answer 6

With the tubercle on rib above

Question 7

Describe the External intercostal muscles

Answer 7

Antero-inferior, aid in elevation, front pocket muscles

Question 8

Describe the Internal intercostal muscles

Answer 8

Postero-inferior, medial-elevate while lateral-depress, back pocket muscles

Question 9

Describe the Innermost intercostals

Answer 9

Fragmented, deficient posteriorly, back pocket muscles

Question 10

Describe Pectoralis Minor and its origin

Answer 10

Elevates ribs and stabilizes scapula, from the corocoid process to the ribs

Question 11

Describe Pectoralis Major and its origin

Answer 11

Adducts Humerus, from the clavicle head to sternum to the humerus

Question 12

Describe Serratus Anterior and its origin

Answer 12

Protracts scapula and wraps around the rib cage

Question 13

Describe Serratus Posterior

Answer 13

2 groups of muscles- Superior muscles elevate ribs while inferior depress ribs

Question 14

Describe the location of the mammary gland and what it contains

Answer 14

It sits on fascia superficial to Pectoralis major. It contains lobules which contain alveoli to secrete milk. It is attached to skin and fascia by suspensory ligaments connecting tissue that anchors lobules to fascia

Question 15

Describe the blood supply to the breast

Answer 15

Internal thoracic artery, Lateral thoracic artery gives off lateral mammary branches which comes off the Subclavian artery

Question 16

Describe the venous drainage of the breast

Answer 16

Lateral mammary vein and Medial mammary vein take blood to the Subclavian and the Internal Jugular vein

Question 17

Describe the lymphatics of the breast

Answer 17

75% of lymph goes to axillary nodes