5.2 Vessels, Lymphatics and Nerves of the Abdomen

Question 1

What are the 3 layers of vessels?

Answer 1

Midline, Lateral paired viscera and those that supply the abdominal wall

Question 2

What are the major branches of the abdominal aorta?

Answer 2

Celiac trunk, Superior mesenteric artery, Inferior mesenteric artery

Question 3

Describe what branches from the Celiac trunk

Answer 3

Left gastric artery, Spleenic artery and Common Hepatic artery

Question 4

Where does the Celiac trunk branch from?

Answer 4

Off proximal end of L1

Question 5

Describe the Left gastric artery

Answer 5

Smallest branch and lies on the lesser curvature

Question 6

Describe the Spleenic artery

Answer 6

Longest branch, goes via the pancreas and divides into short gastric and left gastro-omental arteries

Question 7

Describe the Common Hepatic artery

Answer 7

Divides into Hepatic Artery Proper which travels the free edge of the lesser omentum and the Gastroduodenal artery. The Gastroduodenal artery divides into R Gastro-omental and Pancreas arteries

Question 8

Where does the Superior Mesenteric Artery branch from?

Answer 8

Off distal body of L1

Question 9

Describe the branches of the Superior Mesenteric Artery

Answer 9

Inferior pancreaticduodenal artery, Jejunal arteries, Ilial arteries, Iliocecal arteries, Appendicular arteries, Right colic artery, Middle colic artery

Question 10

What branches to the left for the Superior mesenteric artery?

Answer 10

Jejunal arteries and Ilial arteries

Question 11

What branches to the right for the Superior mesenteric artery?

Answer 11

Iliocecal arteries and Appendicular arteries

Question 12

Describe the Right colic artery

Answer 12

Supplies the ascending colon

Question 13

What does the Middle colic artery supply?

Answer 13

The 2/3 of transverse colon

Question 14

Where does the Inferior mesenteric artery branch from?

Answer 14

Off L3 and moves to the left of the abdominal aorta

Question 15

What are the branches of the Inferior mesenteric artery?

Answer 15

Left colic artery, Sigmoid artery, Superior rectal artery

Question 16

What does the Left colic artery supply?

Answer 16

The descending colon

Question 17

What does the sigmoid arteries supply?

Answer 17

The sigmoid colon

Question 18

Describe the branches of the IVC in the abdomen starting from most distal

Answer 18

R/L Common Iliac Veins, Lumbar veins, R Gonadal vein, R Renal vein, R Suprarenal vein, L Gonadal vein and L suprarenal vein drains into L Renal vein which continues to IVC, Inferior phrenic vein, Hepatic veins

Question 19

Where is the Hepatic vein coming from?

Answer 19

Liver systemic vein to IVC

Question 20

Where is the Inferior phrenic vein coming from?

Answer 20

Inferior diaphragm

Question 21

Where is the R Renal veins coming from?

Answer 21

R Kidney

Question 22

Where is the L Renal veins coming from?

Answer 22

L Kidney and L Gonads

Question 23

What is the Hepatic Portal System?

Answer 23

It is the venous drainage system for the GIT where inferior mesenteric, spleenic and superior mesenteric veins join

Question 24

What is a Portosystemic Anastamoses and describe 2

Answer 24

Contact between portal and systemic veins- The cranial/caudal end of the IVC and the Umbiliacus anastamoses

Question 25

What is unusual for the lymph drainage in the GIT

Answer 25

There is superficial drainage but not deep

Question 26

What are Para aortic lymph nodes?

Answer 26

Nodes with side of the aorta

Question 27

What are Pre vertebral lymph nodes

Answer 27

Nodes that are deep on the aorta

Question 28

What is the Cisterna chyli?

Answer 28

The holding place for lymph before moving into the Thoracic duct and then to the L Brachiocephalic vein