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ANATOMY > 6.2a Development of the CNS > Flashcards

6.2a Development of the CNS Flashcards

1
Q

Process by which the neural plate forms the neural tube

A

Neurulation

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2
Q

Length of the entire process of neural fold formation, elevation, closure (in days)

A

28 Days

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3
Q

CNS development starts at the ___ (in weeks)

A

3rd week

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4
Q

Elevation on the lateral edges of the thickened neural plate

A

Neural folds

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5
Q

The closure of the neural tube begins at the

A

Middle part, approximately at the cervical region or the 5th somite

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6
Q

Day of closure of anterior and posterior neuropore

A

Day 25 and Day 28, respectively

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7
Q

Lining that comprises the neuroepithelial layer

A

Pseudostratified epithelium

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8
Q

Cells that form the mantle layer

A

Neuroblasts

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9
Q

Origin of the gray matter of the spinal cord

A

Mantle layer

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10
Q

__ plate is the dorsal thickening of the neural tube which contain dorsal sensory horn cells

A

Alar plate

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11
Q

__ plate is the ventral thickeing of the neural tube which contain ventral motor horn cells that eventuall becomes the motor area

A

Basal Plate

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12
Q

What is the longitudinal groove that marks the boundary between the alar and basal plates

A

Sulcus Limitans

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13
Q

The intermediate horn is the accumulation of neurons between the ventral motor horn and dorsal sensory horn; this is only present in the __ and __ of the spinal cord

A

Thoracic and upper lumbar levels of the spinal cord

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14
Q

The outermost layer of the spinal cord and forms the white matter of the spinal cord

A

Marginal layer

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15
Q

The axons of neurons in the basal plate break through the marginal zone and become collectively known as __

A

Ventral motor root of the spinal nerve

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16
Q

Axons of neurons in the alar plate form

A

Association neurons

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17
Q

These suporting cells are formed from neuroepithelial cells after the production of neuroblasts ceases

A

Gliablasts

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18
Q

Glial cells that mirated to the mantle layer become the

A

Protoplasmic and fibrillar astrocytes

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19
Q

Glial cells that migrated to the marginal layer that form myelin sheaths become the ____

A

Oligodendroglial cells

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20
Q

Origin of microglial cells

A

Vascular mesenchyme

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21
Q

When the neuroepthelial cells cease to produce neuroblasts and gliablasts, they differentiate into __

A

ependymal cells

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22
Q

These cells form the lining of the central canal of the spinal cord and the ventricles

A

Ependymal cells

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23
Q

Two processes of sensory ganglia and structures they form

A

Centrally-growing processes: dorsal sensory root of spinal nerve

Peripherally-growing processes: join with the ventral motor roots to form the trunk of the spinal nerve

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24
Q

Termination of the spinal cord at birth and during adult life

A

Birth: L2-L3
Adult: L1-L2

25
Q

Threadlike extension of pia mater at the end of the spinal cord

A

Filum terminale

26
Q

Collection of nerve fibers below the terminal end of the cord

A

Cauda Equina

27
Q

Level of needle insertion during lumbar puncture

A

L4-L5

28
Q

Location of cervical flexure

A

Between hindbrain and spinal cord

29
Q

Location of cephalic flexure

A

Mesencephalon

30
Q

Secondary brain vesicle origin of lateral ventricle

A

Telencephalon

31
Q

Secondary brain vesicle origin of 3rd ventricle

A

Diencephalon

32
Q

Secondary brain vesicle origin of Aqueduct of midbrain or Sylvius

A

Mesencephalon

33
Q

Secondary brain vesicle origin of upper part of 4th ventricle

A

Metencephalon

34
Q

Secondary brain vesicle origin of lower part of 4th ventricle

A

Myelencephalon

35
Q

Secondary brain vesicle origin of medulla oblongata

A

Myelencephalon

36
Q

Secondary brain vesicle origin of pons and cerebellum

A

Metencephalon

37
Q

Secondary brain vesicle origin of Thalamus, hypothalamus, pineal body, infundibulum

A

Diencephalon

38
Q

Secondary brain vesicle origin of cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia

A

Telecephalon

39
Q

Secondary brain vesicle origin of hippocampus

A

Telencephalon

40
Q

Location of the pontine flexure

A

Between the metencephalon and myelencephalon

41
Q

Origin of the lateral ventricles

A

Cavity of the cerebral hemispheres

42
Q

Serves as the structure of communication of each lateral ventricle with the third ventricle

A

Interventricular foramina of Monro

43
Q

Origin of the third ventricles

A

Cavity of diencephalon

44
Q

Origin of aqueduct of sylvius

A

Lumen of mesencephalon

45
Q

Connects third and fourth ventricles

A

Aqueduct of Sylvius

46
Q

Origin of the fourth ventricles

A

Cavity of the rhombencephalon

47
Q

3 motor nuclei groups of the myelencephalon

A

Medial somatic efferent: cephalic continuation of the anterior horn cells, supplies the tongue muscles

Intermediate SVE: striated muscles of pharyngeal arches

Lateral GVE: involuntary musculature of the respiratory tract, intestinal tract, and heart

48
Q

The metencephalon forms the

A

Cerebellum

Pons

49
Q

Longitudinal elevation of the alar plate of the midbrain that function as correlation and reflex center for visual impulses

A

Anterior (superior) colliculus

50
Q

Longitudinal elevation of the alar plate of the midbrain that function as synaptic relay station for auditory reflexes

A

Posterior (inferior) colliculus

51
Q

The hypothalamic sulcus divides the alar plate into

A

Thalamus and hypothalamus

52
Q

Origin of the thalamus (__ region of __ plate)

A

Dorsal region of the alar plate of the prosencephalon

53
Q

origin of the hypothalamus (__ region of __ plate)

A

Ventral region of the alar plate

54
Q

Distinct protuberance on ventral surface of the hypothalamus on each side of the midline

A

Mamillary body

55
Q

Neural tube defect that involves incomplete development of the vertebral arches with or without defects of the underlying neural tube

A

Spina bifida

56
Q

A preventive measure for spina bifida

A

Taking folic acid

57
Q

Refers to a spectrum of abnormalities in which a loss of midline structures result sin malformations of the brain and face

A

Holoprosencephaly (HPE)

58
Q

A rare disorder in which large clefts occur in the cerebral hemispheres, somtimes causing a loss of brain tissue

A

Schizencephaly

ANATOMY (33 decks)

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