6.2a Development of the CNS

Question 1

Process by which the neural plate forms the neural tube

Answer 1

Neurulation

Question 2

Length of the entire process of neural fold formation, elevation, closure (in days)

Answer 2

28 Days

Question 3

CNS development starts at the ___ (in weeks)

Answer 3

3rd week

Question 4

Elevation on the lateral edges of the thickened neural plate

Answer 4

Neural folds

Question 5

The closure of the neural tube begins at the

Answer 5

Middle part, approximately at the cervical region or the 5th somite

Question 6

Day of closure of anterior and posterior neuropore

Answer 6

Day 25 and Day 28, respectively

Question 7

Lining that comprises the neuroepithelial layer

Answer 7

Pseudostratified epithelium

Question 8

Cells that form the mantle layer

Answer 8

Neuroblasts

Question 9

Origin of the gray matter of the spinal cord

Answer 9

Mantle layer

Question 10

__ plate is the dorsal thickening of the neural tube which contain dorsal sensory horn cells

Answer 10

Alar plate

Question 11

__ plate is the ventral thickeing of the neural tube which contain ventral motor horn cells that eventuall becomes the motor area

Answer 11

Basal Plate

Question 12

What is the longitudinal groove that marks the boundary between the alar and basal plates

Answer 12

Sulcus Limitans

Question 13

The intermediate horn is the accumulation of neurons between the ventral motor horn and dorsal sensory horn; this is only present in the __ and __ of the spinal cord

Answer 13

Thoracic and upper lumbar levels of the spinal cord

Question 14

The outermost layer of the spinal cord and forms the white matter of the spinal cord

Answer 14

Marginal layer

Question 15

The axons of neurons in the basal plate break through the marginal zone and become collectively known as __

Answer 15

Ventral motor root of the spinal nerve

Question 16

Axons of neurons in the alar plate form

Answer 16

Association neurons

Question 17

These suporting cells are formed from neuroepithelial cells after the production of neuroblasts ceases

Answer 17

Gliablasts

Question 18

Glial cells that mirated to the mantle layer become the

Answer 18

Protoplasmic and fibrillar astrocytes

Question 19

Glial cells that migrated to the marginal layer that form myelin sheaths become the ____

Answer 19

Oligodendroglial cells

Question 20

Origin of microglial cells

Answer 20

Vascular mesenchyme

Question 21

When the neuroepthelial cells cease to produce neuroblasts and gliablasts, they differentiate into __

Answer 21

ependymal cells

Question 22

These cells form the lining of the central canal of the spinal cord and the ventricles

Answer 22

Ependymal cells

Question 23

Two processes of sensory ganglia and structures they form

Answer 23

Centrally-growing processes: dorsal sensory root of spinal nerve

Peripherally-growing processes: join with the ventral motor roots to form the trunk of the spinal nerve

Question 24

Termination of the spinal cord at birth and during adult life

Answer 24

Birth: L2-L3
Adult: L1-L2

Question 25

Threadlike extension of pia mater at the end of the spinal cord

Answer 25

Filum terminale

Question 26

Collection of nerve fibers below the terminal end of the cord

Answer 26

Cauda Equina

Question 27

Level of needle insertion during lumbar puncture

Answer 27

L4-L5

Question 28

Location of cervical flexure

Answer 28

Between hindbrain and spinal cord

Question 29

Location of cephalic flexure

Answer 29

Mesencephalon

Question 30

Secondary brain vesicle origin of lateral ventricle

Answer 30

Telencephalon

Question 31

Secondary brain vesicle origin of 3rd ventricle

Answer 31

Diencephalon

Question 32

Secondary brain vesicle origin of Aqueduct of midbrain or Sylvius

Answer 32

Mesencephalon

Question 33

Secondary brain vesicle origin of upper part of 4th ventricle

Answer 33

Metencephalon

Question 34

Secondary brain vesicle origin of lower part of 4th ventricle

Answer 34

Myelencephalon

Question 35

Secondary brain vesicle origin of medulla oblongata

Answer 35

Myelencephalon

Question 36

Secondary brain vesicle origin of pons and cerebellum

Answer 36

Metencephalon

Question 37

Secondary brain vesicle origin of Thalamus, hypothalamus, pineal body, infundibulum

Answer 37

Diencephalon

Question 38

Secondary brain vesicle origin of cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia

Answer 38

Telecephalon

Question 39

Secondary brain vesicle origin of hippocampus

Answer 39

Telencephalon

Question 40

Location of the pontine flexure

Answer 40

Between the metencephalon and myelencephalon

Question 41

Origin of the lateral ventricles

Answer 41

Cavity of the cerebral hemispheres

Question 42

Serves as the structure of communication of each lateral ventricle with the third ventricle

Answer 42

Interventricular foramina of Monro

Question 43

Origin of the third ventricles

Answer 43

Cavity of diencephalon

Question 44

Origin of aqueduct of sylvius

Answer 44

Lumen of mesencephalon

Question 45

Connects third and fourth ventricles

Answer 45

Aqueduct of Sylvius

Question 46

Origin of the fourth ventricles

Answer 46

Cavity of the rhombencephalon

Question 47

3 motor nuclei groups of the myelencephalon

Answer 47

Medial somatic efferent: cephalic continuation of the anterior horn cells, supplies the tongue muscles Intermediate SVE: striated muscles of pharyngeal arches Lateral GVE: involuntary musculature of the respiratory tract, intestinal tract, and heart

Question 48

The metencephalon forms the

Answer 48

Cerebellum | Pons

Question 49

Longitudinal elevation of the alar plate of the midbrain that function as correlation and reflex center for visual impulses

Answer 49

Anterior (superior) colliculus

Question 50

Longitudinal elevation of the alar plate of the midbrain that function as synaptic relay station for auditory reflexes

Answer 50

Posterior (inferior) colliculus

Question 51

The hypothalamic sulcus divides the alar plate into

Answer 51

Thalamus and hypothalamus

Question 52

Origin of the thalamus (__ region of __ plate)

Answer 52

Dorsal region of the alar plate of the prosencephalon

Question 53

origin of the hypothalamus (__ region of __ plate)

Answer 53

Ventral region of the alar plate

Question 54

Distinct protuberance on ventral surface of the hypothalamus on each side of the midline

Answer 54

Mamillary body

Question 55

Neural tube defect that involves incomplete development of the vertebral arches with or without defects of the underlying neural tube

Answer 55

Spina bifida

Question 56

A preventive measure for spina bifida

Answer 56

Taking folic acid

Question 57

Refers to a spectrum of abnormalities in which a loss of midline structures result sin malformations of the brain and face

Answer 57

Holoprosencephaly (HPE)

Question 58

A rare disorder in which large clefts occur in the cerebral hemispheres, somtimes causing a loss of brain tissue

Answer 58

Schizencephaly