2.1 Deep Back Flashcards
Number of vertebrae and sections
33 vertebrae7 cervical12 thoracic5 lumbar5 sacral4 coccygeal
Period when cervical vertebrae becomes convex
4th to 5th month when the baby gains control of his head
Period when the lumbar area becomes convex
1 year when the baby begins to walk
Main mass of the bone; also the weight-bearing structure
Vertebral body
Identify and classify the intervening disks between vertebrae
Intervertebral discsSymphyses: fibrocartilaginous joints
Cartilage that covers the superior and inferior surfaces of the vertebral body
Hyaline cartilage
Process of the vertebrae which act on rotation, and maintains extended position of back
Transverse processes
Serve as shock absorbers
intervertebral discs
Parts of the intervertebral discs and corresponding description
Annulus fibrosus: multiple layers of fibrous cartilage in different directions like a tireNucleus pulposus: gel for shock absorbance
Where spinal nerves exit, blood supply enters and where venous structures enter and exit
Intervertebral foramen
Synovial joint formed by the inferior and superior articular processes; also, classify the joint
Zygopophysial joint; gliding joint
Smallest among 24 movable vertebrae
Cervical vertebrae
Describe the cervical vertebrae
Large and triangular foramenSmall and wide vertebral bodyNearly horizontal articulation of articular facets
Also known as the atlasWidest of the cervical vertebraeYES bone
C1 vertebrae
NO bone;Also known as the axis
C2 vertebrae
Describe the thoracic vertebrae
heart-shaped bodycircular and smaller vertebral foramenoverlapping spinous process which allows body to bend backaction is mainly rotationWith demifacet
Describe T12
one costal facetbody is cubical, so it’s prone to fracture
Describe lumbar vertebrae
Massive body, kidney-shapedTriangular vertebral foramenLong and slender transverse processHatchet-shaped spinous processesFlexion, extension, and lateral flexion
processes of the lumbar vertebrae which provides attachment to multifidus and intertransversarii
Mamillary processess
Process of the lumbar vertebrae which provide attachment to intertransversarii muscles
Accessory processes
Largest of all movable vertbraeCarries the weight of the whole upper body
L5
Level where spinal cord ends
L1-L2
Ligament which encompasses almost hte entire anterior surface of the vertebral columnAttaches the base of the skull to sacral curvature
Anterior longitudinal ligament
Function of the anterior longitudinal ligament
Limits overextension
Ligament within the vertebral canal;Contains nociceptive endings
Posterior longitudinal ligament
Action of the posterior longitudinal ligament
Weakly resists hyperflexionHelps prevent herniation of the nucleus pulposus
Ligament which attaches one lamina to anotherHelps preserve normal curvatures of vertebral columnAssists with straightening of column after flexing
Ligamentum Flavum
Ligament from skull to C7
Ligamentum Nuchae
Action of the serratus posterior muscles
In respiration/labored breathing, and proprioception
Action of the errectors spinae (ILS)
Chief extensor of the vertebral column
Strongest cervical vertebrae
C2
Arterial supply of the cervical region
Occiptial, vertebral, and deep cervical arteries
Arterial supply of the thoracic region
Posterior intercostal
Arterial supply of the lumbar region
Subcostal and lumbar
Arterial supply of the sacral region
iliolumbar and lateral sacral artery
General nerve supply of the deep back
Posterior rami
Provide innervation to the ligamentum flavum
Recurrent meningeal nerve
Lymphatic drainage of the skin of the neck
Cervical nodes
Lymphatic drainage above the ilac crests
Axillary nodes
Lymphatic drainage of the structures below the level of the iliac crests
Superficial inguinal nodes
