1.4 Muscle and Nerve Tissue Flashcards
Muscle cell membrane
Sarcolemma
Cytoplasm of muscle cells
Sacroplasm
Smooth ER of muscle cells
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
Specialized mitochodria of muscle cells
Sarcosome
Functional unit of muscle fibers
Sarcomere
Type of muscle with cylindrical and multinucleated cells, with oval nuclei at the periphery of cell
Skeletal muscle
Dark areas in the center of sarcomeres; anisotropic; consists of thick filament
A band
Light areas on either side of the Z disc
Isotropic
Part the skeletal muscle fiber: Pale area; center of A band
H band
Part the skeletal muscle fiber: Center of adjacent sarcomere; bisects each I band in which the thin filaments are attached to
Z line/disk
Contains binding site for myosin; makes up thin filaments
Actin
Morphological changes in sarcomere during muscle contraction
I band is narrower
H band is extinguished
Z discs move closer together
A band is unaltered
Receptor of proprioception
Neuromuscular spindle
Responsible for the packaging of neurotransmitter substances
Golgi complex
Unique in preneuronal multiplying cells
Centriole
Found only in the soma; with multiple parallel arrays of smooth cisternae
Golgi complex
Most abundant in axon terminal
Mitochondria
Protein used in anterograde transmission
Kinesin
Protein used in retrograde transmission
Dynein
Serves as a high-resustance low -capacitance insulator
Mylein sheath
Responsible for myelination in the periphery
Schwann cells
Responsible for myelination in the CNS
Oligodendrocyts
Sensory receptor for touch, heat, and cold sensation; no connective tissue; high amount in the body
Free / non-encapsulated
Sensory receptor for pressure, vibration; concentric layer of lamellae
Encapsulated sensory receptor