5.4 Female Reproductive System

Question 0

External female genitalia which protects the clitoris, urethral orifice and vaginal orifice; filled with loose subcutaneous tissue containing smooth muscle; termination of round ligament of uterus

Answer 0

Labia majora

Question 1

Collective term that refers to the external genitalia and its structures

Answer 1

Vulva or pudenda

Question 2

External genitalia with rounded folds of fat free hairless skin; surrounds and encloses the vestibule

Answer 2

Labia minora

Question 3

An erectile organ of the female genitalia located where the labia minora meet anteriorly;

Answer 3

Clitoris

Question 4

Most highly innervated part of the clitoris

Answer 4

Glans of the clitoris

Question 5

Sole function of the clitoris

Answer 5

Organ of sexual arousal

Question 6

The space surrounded by the labia minora into which the orifices of the urethrea and the vagina and the ducts of the greater and lesser vestibular glands open

Answer 6

Vestibule

Question 7

Vestibular gland posterolateral to vaginal orifice which secretes mucus into the vestibule during sexual arousal

Answer 7

Bartholin’s glands

Question 8

Female superficial perineal muscles include ___. These muscles are all affected during episiotomy.

Answer 8

Superficial transverse perineal ms.
Ischiocavernosus ms.
Bulbospongiosus ms.

Question 9

Superfical perineal muscle which maintains erection of clitoris by compressing the outflow veins and pushing blood to the body of the clitoris

Answer 9

Ischiocavernosus ms.

Question 10

Superficial perineal muscle which supports and fixes the perineal body and acts as the sphincter to the vagina and assists in the erection of clitoris

Answer 10

Bulbospongiosus ms.

Question 11

Branches of the internal iliac artery

Answer 11

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Iliolumbar
Lateral sacral
Gluteal (superior and inferior)
Pudendal (internal)
Inferior vesical / uterine
Middle rectal
Vaginal
Obturator
Umbilical

Question 12

Branches of internal pudendal artery

Answer 12

IPPADD
Inferior rectal : anal canal, sphincter, perineal skin
Perineal a.: sup. transverse perineal ms. And vestibule
Posterior labial/scrotal branches
Artery of the penis or bulb of vestibule
Dorsal artery of clitoris/penis
Deep artery of penis/clitoris

Question 13

This ovarian ligament is a remnant of the superior part of the ovarian gubernaculum of the fetus

Answer 13

Infundibulopelvic ligament

Question 14

Usual site of fertilization

Answer 14

Fallopian tubes

Question 15

The widest and longest part of the fallopian tube

Answer 15

Ampulla

Question 16

The ovarian artery is a dirext branch of the __ and crosses over the __ vessels

Answer 16

Direct branch of the aorta

Crosses the external iliac vessels

Question 17

The uterus is anteverted in relation to the __ and anteflexed in relation to the __

Answer 17

Anteverted in relation to the vagina

Anteflexed in relation to the cervix

Question 18

A type of uterine displacement that occurs when the fundus and the body are bent backward on the vagina so that they lie on the rectouterine pouch.

Answer 18

Retroversion

Question 19

Uterine displacement that occurs when the body if the uterus bends against the cervix

Answer 19

Retroflexion

Question 20

Uterine displacement that occurs when the body of the uterus bends forward on the cervix. Give a common complication of this type of displacement.

Answer 20

Anteflexion.

Urination.

Question 21

Part of the uterus where the uterine vessels insert

Answer 21

Isthmus of the uterus

Question 22

Ligament of the uterus which originate below and anterior to the origin of he fallopian tube; helps keep the uterus anteverted and anteflexed; hypertrophis during pregnancy to give stability to the uterus

Answer 22

Round ligament (ligamentun teres) of the uterus

Question 23

A branch of the uterine artery which runs along the round ligament of the uterus

Answer 23

Sampson artery

Question 24

A ligament of the uterus which double-layered, extends from the sides to the lateral walls and floor of the pelvis; Does not include the cervix

Answer 24

Broad ligament / peritoneal ligament

Question 25

The broad ligament is prolonged superiorly over the vessels as the ___

Answer 25

Suspensory ligament of the ovary

Question 26

Structures within the broad ligament

Answer 26

Uteine tubes

Uterine and ovarian blood vessels, nerves and lymphatics

Question 27

3 main parts of the broad ligament and their main contents

Answer 27

Mesosalpinx- uterine / fallopian tubes
Mesovarium- ovary
Mesonetrium-uterus; largest part

Question 28

Ligament that is aka the suspensory ligament of the ovary, contains ovarian vessels, and is cut during oophorectomy

Answer 28

Infundibulopelvic ligament

Question 29

Ligament which serves as the main support of the uterus. When this is damaged, the uterus prolapses.

Answer 29

Transverse cervical / cardinal ligament

Question 30

Blood supply of the uterus and branches

Answer 30

Uterine artery.
Branches:
Cervicovaginal branch: lower cervix and upper vagina
Main uterine br.: ascends and gives off tubal, fundal, and ovarian branch
Arcuate arteries: gives off radial arteries to the myometrium
Radial aa.: divide into straight and spiral aa.
Descending branch: vagina and cervix

Question 31

Nerve supply of the uterus

Answer 31

Inferior hypogastric plexus
Sympathetic: lumbar splanchnic n.
Parasympathetic: plevic splanchnic n.

Question 32

Arterial supply of vagina

Answer 32

Superior part: uterine aa.

Middle and inferior part: vaginal and pudendal aa.

Question 33

Venous drainage of vagina

Answer 33

Vaginal venous plexus–> uterine vein–> internal iliac veins

Question 34

Innervation of vagina

Answer 34

Upper and middle 1/3: uterovaginal plexus

Lower 1/3: deep perineal nerve from pudendal nerve