61+62 SA Zoonoses Flashcards
Where is cowpox found geographically?
UK and western Europe
Briefly describe the clinical appearance of cowpox in a cat and how the cat would get cowpox.
Ulcerated cutaneous lesions after contact w/ rodents
How do you usually treat cowpox?
It’s self-limiting
S. aureus prefers to grow on ______ (human/animal) skin, whereas S. pseudintermedius prefers _____ skin.
Human, animal
What gene is important for MRSA/MRSP?
The mecA mobile genetic element
What class of antibiotics are methicillin resistant Staph spp. resistant to?
ALL beta-lactams
What are 3 important commensal organisms from the canine/feline oral cavity that cause infections in bite wounds?
Pasteurella multocida, P. canis, Capnocytophaga canimorsus
What cells do bartonella live in?
Erythrocytes and endothelial cells (possibly macrophages or other cells)
How is bartonella transmitted?
Via a flea vector–infected flea feces must be inoculated into a scratch wound
T or F: subclinical bartonella bacterima is uncommon.
F; widespread and common
Bartonella is known to affect which body system in cats?
CV system – endocarditis; pyogranulomatous myocarditis; systemic reactive angioendotheliomatosis
T or F: both dogs and cats are associated w/ subclinical bartonella bacteremia.
F; cats are but not dogs
How is bartonella diagnosed?
Serology (IFA or ELISA), blood culture, PCR
What is the best way to prevent bartenellosis?
Year round flea control
Describe how Bartonella looks under the microscope.
Small curved G- bacteria
What is the causitive agent of plague?
Yersinia pestis
Causitive agent of tularemia?
Francisella tularensis
What are the clinical signs of both plague and tularemia?
Fever, lymphadenopathy, abscesses, pneumonia
How is plague transmitted?
Flea bites, ingestion of infected rodents, rarely aerosol (pneumonic plague)
How is tularemia transmitted?
Arthropod vectors (biting fly or ticks), ingestion of terrestrial or aquatic reservoirs, inhalation, cutaneous inoculation (bite wounds, usually cat)
T or F: cats commonly develop clinical disease from leptospirosis.
F
What shape are leptospira spp?
Spirochete
Do leptospira maintenance hosts consistently shed the bacterium?
No–shed intermittently w/o obvious detrimental effects
How is leptospirosis transmitted?
Direct transmission – contact w/ infected urine, venereal/placental transmission, bite wounds, ingestion of infected tissues
Indirect – exposure to contaminated food, water, soil, bedding
What kind of pathology is caused by leptospiremia?
Vasculitis, renal and hepatic injury
Where are the leptospira organisms eventually confined to d/t the antibody response?
Renal tubular epithelial cells
Is lepto hardy in the environment?
No - easily dessicates
What are some clinical signs of leptospirosis?
Anorexia, pyrexia, V/D, reluctance to move, abd pain, anuria or oliguria, icturus, dyspnea (pulmonary hemorrhage), uveitis, renal failure
Peracute infections can cause rapid shock/death
How is leptospirosis diagnosed?
Microscopic agglutination test (MAT), serial titers, serologic tests (in-clinic), culture, PCR
How is lepto prevented?
Vaccination + rodent control
What veterinary species is affected by psittacosis?
Birds
Is chlamydia psittaci intracellular or extracellular?
Obligate intracellular
What kind of pathology does psittacosis cause in birds?
Pneumonia, air sacculitis, pericarditis, hepatitis, splenitis, occasionally death
How will birds with psittacosis present?
Sneezing, ocular discharge, ruffled feathers, diarrhea
How is psittacosis shed?
Respiratory secretions, feces
How do humans typically get toxoplasma infections?
Contaminated food or water; rarely from household cats
What household species can get Q fever?
Cats
What clinical signs do sporotrichosis cause?
Cutaneous nodules, draining skin lesions
What type of organism is Sporothrix schenckii?
Fungus
What are classical signs of brucellosis in dogs?
Male dogs w/ orchitid/epidydimitis or any dog w/ discospondylitis
How is Brucella canis shed?
Urinary and geniral secretions
What kind of symptoms does brucellosis cause in humans?
Flu-like
