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VET413 Infectious + Immunology > 39 Mycology > Flashcards

39 Mycology Flashcards

1
Q

Define saprophytic

A

Eats dead/decaying matter

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2
Q

What is unique about fungal digestion?

A

Extracellular digestion and then nutrients absorbed

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3
Q

What are conidia?

A

A spore produced asexually at the tip of a specialized hyphae

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4
Q

____ is the unicellular form of fungus.

A

Yeast

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5
Q

____ and ______ are the multicellular forms of fungus.

A

Mold and mushrooms

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6
Q

What kind of environment do fungi prefer? (pH and temp)

A

Acidic pH (5ish) and about 25C

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7
Q

Most fungi are ____ (aerobic/anaerobic).

A

Aerobic

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8
Q

What is mycelium?

A

The growing form of mold

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9
Q

What does it mean if a fungus is dimorphic?

A

Both a yeast and mold form

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10
Q

Define dematiaceous.

A

Fungus w/ dark pigment

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11
Q

Define hyaline.

A

Non-pigmented fungus

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12
Q

Conidia are produced _____ (sexually/asexually).

A

Asexually

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13
Q

What is a conidiophore/sporangiophore?

A

Stalklike structure containing conidia

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14
Q

What triggers dimorphic fungi to switch from the mycelial form to yeast?

A

Temperature increase

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15
Q

List the 3 mechanisms of asexual fungus reproduction.

A

-Sporulation and germination of spores
-Fragmentation of hyphae (arthroconidia)
-Budding of yeast

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16
Q

What is the capsule of fungi made of?

A

Polysaccharides

17
Q

What is the function of the capsule?

A

-Aid in adherance/clumping
-Can be antigenic or anti-phagocytic

18
Q

Fungal cell walls are made of _____

A

Chitin

19
Q

Fungal cell walls have beta glucans; what are beta glucans used for in both human/vet med?

A

Immunostimulants, vaccine adjuvants

20
Q

What are the sterols found in the cytoplasmic membrane of fungi?

A

Ergosterol and zymosterol

21
Q

Why is amphotericin B an effective antifungal?

A

Greater affinity for fungal sterols than mammalian cholesterol

22
Q

Immunity to fungal disease is mainly ______ (cellular/humoral).

A

Cellular

23
Q

Fungi typically produce _______ lesions.

A

Granulomatous

24
Q

What is a dermatomycoses?

A

Opportunistic infection of skin or muco-cutaneous junctions from fungal overgrowth

25
Q

What are dermatophytes?

A

Molds that only parasitize keratinized epidermal structures (no systemic dz)

26
Q

What yeast is commonly responsible for otitis externa and dermtitis in dogs?

A

Malassezia pachydermatis

27
Q

What yeast is part of the normal flora of mammals and birds?

A

Candida albicans

28
Q

What fungus is found in dolphins?

A

Lobomycosis

29
Q

What fungus is linked to a worldwide decline in amphibian populations?

A

Chytridiomycosis

30
Q

What animal is affected by white nose syndrome?

A

Bats

31
Q

What fungus is associated with disease in snakes?

A

Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola

VET413 Infectious + Immunology (26 decks)

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