5.6 organisms & respiratory substrates Flashcards

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1
Q

what are obligate anaerobes?

A

organisms that cannot survive in the presence of O2

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2
Q

what are obligate aerobes?

A

organisms that can only synthesise ATP in the presence of O2

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3
Q

what are facultative anaerobes?

A

synthesise ATP in presence of O2 but can switch to anaerobic respiration if no O2 is available

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4
Q

do eukaryotes respire aerobically or anaerobically?

A

respire aerobically if O2 is available

respire anaerobically if O2 isn’t supplied quick enough to respiring cells

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5
Q

what are respiratory substrates?

A

organic molecules broken down to release energy for ATP synthesis

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6
Q
  1. triglycerides (lipids) can be hydrolysed to what?
A

fatty acids

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7
Q
  1. fatty acids enter the krebs cycle via what?
A

acetyl coA and glycerol

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8
Q
  1. proteins are first hydrolysed to what before entering the respiratory pathway?
A

amino acids

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9
Q
  1. glycerol is converted to what before undergoing what?
A

pyruvate

before undergoing oxidative decarboxylation (link reaction)

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10
Q
  1. amino acids have to be what before entering the respiratory pathway via pyruvate?
A

deaminated

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11
Q
  1. fatty acids in a triglyceride can lead to the formation of how many what?
A

up to 50 acetyl coenzyme molecules

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12
Q
  1. the 50 acetyl coenzyme molecules from fatty acids can result in the synthesis of how many ATP?
A

up to 500

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13
Q
  1. lipids release how much more energy than carbohydrates?
A

two times

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14
Q
  1. the deamination of amino acids requires what? lowering what?
A

ATP

lowering net production of ATP

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