2.5 Osmosis Flashcards

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1
Q

What happens to red blood cells when the solution surrounding has a higher water potential?

A

Water enters cell

Cell swells and bursts

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2
Q

What happens to red blood cells if the cell and solution have equal water potentials?

A

Water constantly enters and leaves

Cell experiences no change

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3
Q

What happens if the solution has lower water potential than the red blood cell?

A

Water leaves cell

Cell shrinks

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4
Q

What happens to plant cells if the solution surrounding has a higher water potential?

A
  • Water enters cell

* Protoplasts swell and become turgid (pushed against cell wall)

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5
Q

What happens to plant cells when the cell and solution have equal water potential?

A

Water constantly enters and leaves

No change in protoplasts (begin to pull away from cell wall)

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6
Q

What happens to plants cells if the external solution has a lower water potential?

A

Water leaves cell
Plasmolysis shrinks
Protoplasts pull away from cell wall

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7
Q

What is water potential?

A

A measure of the tendency of water to move freely

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8
Q

What is the water potential equation?

A

Water potential = solute potential + pressure potential

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9
Q

What is the highest water potential?

A

0

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10
Q

What are the units for water potential?

A

kPa

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11
Q

What effect does adding solutes have on water potential?

A

It lowers the value

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12
Q

The more solute added…

A

… The more negative the value

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13
Q

What effect does pressure potential have on water potential?

A

Pressure potential increases the tendency of water to move through a membrane

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14
Q

Is the solute potential value positive or negative?

A

Negative

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15
Q

Is pressure potential value positive or negative?

A

Positive

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16
Q

What is osmosis?

A

The net movement of water from a region of high water potential to a region of low water potential through a partially permeable membrane

17
Q

What is hydrostatic pressure?

A

When water diffuses into a closed system e.g. Cell causing increased volume and pressure

18
Q

What is cytolysis?

A

Cell cannot withstand the increased pressure so it bursts