5.6 Anaerobic respiration Flashcards
(lactate) in lactate fermentation pyruvate is converted to what?
lactate
(lactate) no O2 means that the electron chain backs up, why?
no O2 to act as the final electron acceptor
(lactate) if the electron chain backs up what happens to hydrogen?
it stops dissociating from reduced NAD
(lactate) because hydrogen stops dissociating there are no free coenzymes to accept hydrogens, so what other processes stop?
oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate
krebs cycle
(lactate) glycolysis would stop if it weren’t for what?
lactate fermentation
(lactate) in what does lactate fermentation occur?
mammals and bacteria
(lactate) 1. in mammals pyruvate can act as what?
the final electron acceptor taking the hydrogen from reduced NAD
(lactate) 1. what enzyme catalyses pyruvate taking the hydrogen from reduced NAD?
Lactate dehydrogenase
(lactate) 2. Pyruvate is converted to what? and what is regenerated?
lactate
NAD
(lactate) 3. lactic acid is converted back to what in the liver?
glucose
(lactate) 3. lactic acids conversion to glucose requires what and what does this create?
O2
O2 debt which causes heavy breathing
(lactate) 4. lactic acid is removed from where?
the bloodstream
(lactate) 4. why is lactic acid removed?
to prevent a drop in pH
(alcohol) where does alcoholic fermentation occur?
in yeast and plant cells
(lactate) is lactate fermentation reversible?
yes
(alcohol) 1. is alcohol fermentation reversible?
no
(alcohol) 2. Pyruvate is first converted to what?
ethanal
(alcohol) 2. pyruvates conversion to ethanal is catalysed by what?
pyruvate decarboxylase
(alcohol) 3. ethanal can accept a hydrogen from what?
reduced NAD
(alcohol) 3. when ethanal accepts a hydrogen what does it become?
ethanol
(alcohol) 4. regenerated NAD can do what? allowing what to continue?
continue as a coenzyme allowing glycolysis to continue
(alcohol) 4. ethanol is what?
toxic to yeast
(investigation respiration in yeast) why would the flask be sealed?
to ensure anaerobic conditions
(investigation respiration in yeast) glucose and yeast placed in conical flask, what does glucose act as?
respiratory substrate
(investigation respiration in yeast) a stained water drop is added to the capillary tube what is it used to calculate?
its movement & diameter of tube is used to calculate the increased vol of gas, and rate of respiration
(investigation respiration in yeast) why would the rate of respiration eventually plateau?
no more glucose left yeast killed (ethanol is toxic)
