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A Level Biology 1 > 2.5 Active Transport > Flashcards

2.5 Active Transport Flashcards

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1
Q

What is active transport?

A

Movement of molecules from a region of low concentration to high concentration using energy

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2
Q

How does active transport differ from passive?

A

Requires ATP
Movement against concentration gradient
Selective process

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3
Q

What are the 2 ways active transport occurs?

A

Using ATP to directly move molecules

Or co-transport using the concentration gradient already established

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4
Q

(Direct) carrier proteins spanning the membrane do what?

A

Accept the molecules to be transported

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5
Q

(Direct) molecules bind to what?

A

Receptors on the carrier proteins

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6
Q

(Direct) insider the cell ATP does what?

A

Binds to the protein

Causing it to split into ADP and a phosphate

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7
Q

(Direct) the protein molecule changes what and what effect does this have?

A

Changes shape opening to the opposite side of the membrane releasing the molecule

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8
Q

(Direct) when the molecule the protein is transporting is released what else is released?

A

A phosphate which recombines with ADP to form ATP

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9
Q

(Direct) the formation of ATP causes the protein to do what?

A

Revert back to its old shape to be repeated

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10
Q

(Bulk transport) what is bulk transport?

A

Form of active transport

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11
Q

(Bulk transport) when is bulk transport used?

A

When molecules are too large to pass through carrier or channel proteins

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12
Q

(Bulk transport) what are two examples of bulk transport?

A

Endocytosis

Exocytosis

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13
Q

(Bulk transport)what is endocytosis?

A

Bulk transport of material into cells

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14
Q

(Bulk transport) what are the two types of endocytosis?

A

Phagocytosis-solids

Pinocytosis-liquids

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15
Q

(Bulk transport) endo - when the cell membrane comes in contact with the material to be transported what does it do?

A

Bends inwards

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16
Q

(Bulk transport) endo - the membrane enfolds the material until it does what?

A

Fuses forming a vesicle

17
Q

(Bulk transport) endo - the vesicle then does what?

A

Pinches off and moves into the cytoplasm to where needed

18
Q

(Bulk transport) endo - e.g. Vesicles containing bacteria move toward where?

A

Lysosomes where bacteria is digested by enzymes

19
Q

(Bulk transport) what is exocytosis?

A

Vesicles move and fuse with cell surface membrane secreting the contents outside of cell

20
Q

(Bulk transport) energy in the form of ATP is required for what processes?

A

Movement of vesicles along cytoplasm
Cells changing shape to engulf material
Fusion of membranes to form vesicles

A Level Biology 1 (102 decks)

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