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Biology > 5.6-botosynthesis > Flashcards

5.6-botosynthesis Flashcards

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1
Q

what is a granum?

A

stacks of thylakoid membranes

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2
Q

what happens at the granum?

A

the light dependent stage of photosynthesis

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3
Q

what is the stroma?

A

fluid filled matrix

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4
Q

what happens at the stroma?

A

light independent stage of photosynthesis

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5
Q

is the outer membrane permeable?

A

yes, very

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6
Q

what is the chloroplast layer?

A

the double membrane of the chloroplast

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7
Q

what is the space between the outer and inner membranes called?

A

intermembrane compartment

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8
Q

what do the intergranal lamellae do?

A

allow separate grana to be interconnected

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9
Q

what are thylakoids?

A

flattened membrane bound sacs containing photosynthetic pigments

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10
Q

what happens in thylakoids?

A

light dependent stage

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11
Q

where is ps1 found?

A

intergranal lamellae

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12
Q

where is ps2 found?

A

grana

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13
Q

what are the 5 pigments of chorophyll?

A 
chlorophyll a
chlorophyll b
carotenoids
xanthophyll
phaephytin
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14
Q

what is the colour of chlorophyll a?

A

blue green

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15
Q

what is the colour of chlorophyll b?

A

yellow green

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16
Q

what is the colour of carotenoids?

A

orange and yellow

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17
Q

what is the colour of xanthophyll?

A

yellow brown

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18
Q

what is the colour of phaephytin?

A

grey

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19
Q

what is the most abundant chlorophyll pigment?

A

chlorophyll a

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20
Q

how is the structure of the granum adapted to its function?

A

large surface area
contains pigments + photosystems
contains electron carriers/ ATP synthase

21
Q

what is a compound made from TP that’s not part of the Calvin cycle?

A

amino acid

22
Q

how many carbons does RuBP have?

A

5

23
Q

why does the chloroplast contain fat droplets?

A

membrane formation/phospholipid/cholesterol for membrane

fatty acid/pigment synthesis

24
Q

where does the light independent stage of photosynthesis take place?

A

stroma

25
Q

what photosystems does cyclic phosphorylation involve?

A

just PSI

26
Q

what is produced in cyclic photophosphorylation?

A

a small amount of ATP

27
Q

how do guard cells work?

A

their chloroplasts only contain PSI, so they do cycylic photophosphorylation and the ATP produced is used to actively transport potassium so water follow potassium into the cell, causing it to swell and opening the stomata.

28
Q

what photosystems are involved in non cyclic photophosphorylation?

A

PSI and PSII

29
Q

which photophosphorylation does photolysis occur in?

A

non cyclic

30
Q

what are the products of non cyclic photophosphorylation?

A

ATP
reduced NADP
oxygen

31
Q

where does the light independent stage of photosynthesis take place?

A

thylakoid membranes

32
Q

what reaction does RuBisCO catalyse?

A

CO2 + RuBP —> 2GP

33
Q

what does GP stand for?

A

glycerate-3-phosphate

34
Q

what does TP stand for?

A

triose phosphate?

35
Q

what does RuBP stand for?

A

ribulose biphosphate

36
Q

what does RuBisCO stand for?

A

ribulose biphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase

37
Q

how many carbons does GP have?

A

3

38
Q

how many carbons does TP have?

A

3

39
Q

how many molecules of TP formed in the calvin cycle leave the calvin cycle?

A

2/12

40
Q

what is water stress?

A

the condition a plant will experience when water supply becomes limited

41
Q

what are limiting factors?

A

the factors that affect the rate of a process

42
Q

what is photosynthesis an example of?

A

carbon fixation

43
Q

is photosynthesis endothermic or exothermic?

A

endo

44
Q

what is compensation point?

A

the point when photosynthesis and respiration are happening at the same rate in a plant.

45
Q

what’s the importance of photosynthetic pigments in photosynthesis?

A
  • accessory pigments pass energy to reaction centres (primary pigments)
  • primary pigments/reaction centres becomes oxidised
  • for LDR/photophosphorylation
  • cause photons to initiate photosythesis
46
Q

what happens during photolysis?

A

water gets split into protons, electrons, and oxygen.

47
Q

why does the calvin cycle only work during daylight?

A

in daylight the conc of mg2+ increases in stroma, which act as cofactors of rubisco.

48
Q

what is tp used for?

A

glucose, starch, cellulose

amino acids, fatty acids, glycerol

49
Q

what do you have to make sure of when using a photosynthometer?

A

air tight

no bubbles in capillary tubing

Biology (25 decks)

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