5.1 characteristics and classification of sports Flashcards
1
Q
skill
A
- the consistent production of goal-oriented movements which are learned and specified to the task
- goal-oriented
- learned through practice
2
Q
types of skill (cognitive: thinking, decision making)
A
- some sports require both physical cognitive skill (where knowledge of rules is crucial)
- ex) chess
3
Q
type of skill (perceptual, includes perceptual sense)
A
- vision, balance, tactile, auditory
- ex) rock climbing
4
Q
type of skill (motor)
A
- emphasis on movement and not much thinking
- ex) weight-lifting
5
Q
type of skill (perceptual motor)
A
- involves the interpretation of environmental stimuli and motor response
- most sports fall into this category
ex) soccer, tennis, b-ball
6
Q
open
A
- significally affected by environmental conditions dictate the pace
- ex) football, triathlons
7
Q
closed
A
- performed in more stable, predictable environments
-ex) archery, darts, gymnastics,
8
Q
gross
A
- involves large muscle groups
- upper and lower extremities
- ex) running, jumping, swimming,
9
Q
fine
A
- involves much smaller muscle groups and fine movements
- ex) darts, playing violin
10
Q
discrete
A
- have a clear start and finish
- ex) baseball swing, tennis serve, cartwheel
11
Q
serial
A
- the linking together of multiple skills to farm a longer more complex movement
- ex) triple jump, diving
12
Q
continuous
A
- the end of one cycle of movement becomes the beginning of the next
- ex) swimming, running, cycling
13
Q
external paced
A
- the environment controls the rate of performing the skill, performer pays attention to external events in order to control the rate of movement
- ex) any ball game!
14
Q
internal paced
A
- performer controls rate at which the skill is executed
- ex) javelin throw
15
Q
individual
A
- performed in isolation
- ex) high jump, pole vault,
16
Q
coactive
A
- performed at same time as others but without direct confrontation
- ex) swimming, track
17
Q
interactive
A
- where other performers are directly involved
- ex) soccer, tennis, football
18
Q
ability
A
- refers to a general trait or capacity of the individual that is related to the performance and performed potential of a variety of skills or traits
- attributes that we inherit that gives us the capacity to perform skills
- individuals differ in the strengths of their abilities
19
Q
physical proficiency abilities
A
- typical exercises physiology features
- flexibility, strength, gross coordination
20
Q
perceptual-motor abilities
A
- how we perceive our environment and act accordingly
- reaction time, manual dexterity, posture discrimination, wrist/finger speed
21
Q
technique
A
- the “way of doing” or the “way in which a particular skill is performed”
- the way an individual controls their limbs
- in order to perform skillfully, the person must have the proper technique and choose the the correct technique to use in any situation
- ex) down-block football, QB throwing, free kick/penalties in soccer
22
Q
discuss the difference between a skilled and a novice performer (novice)
A
- consistency: low
- accuracy: low
- control: low
- learned nature: poor
- efficiency: low
- goal-directed: poor
- fluency: erratic
23
Q
discuss the difference between a skilled and a novice performer (skilled)
A
- consistency: high
- accuracy: high
- control: accuracy
- learned nature: good
- efficiency: good
- goal-directed: good
- fluency: smooth
24
Q
skills vs abilities
A
skills:
- learned behavior
- quantifiable and measurable
- possible to teach, test, and measure
- developed through experience or training
abilities:
- natural or innate
- difficult to teach, test, or measure
- acquired without formal instructions
