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ANESTESIOLOGÍA > 5. Líquidos y Electrolitos > Flashcards

5. Líquidos y Electrolitos Flashcards

1
Q

Porcentaje del peso corporal representado por el Agua Corporal Total (ACT)

A

60% = 4.2 L

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2
Q

Porcentaje del peso corporal total representado por el Líquido Extracelular (LEC)

A

20% = 1.4 L

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3
Q

Porcentaje del peso corporal total representado por el Líquido Intracelular (LIC)

A

40% = 2.8 L

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4
Q

Principal cation extracelular

A

Na

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5
Q

Principales cationes intracelulares

A

K y Mg

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6
Q

Principales aniones intracelulares

A

Proteínas y Fosfatos

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7
Q

Principales aniones extracelulares

A

Cl y HCO3

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8
Q

Requerimientos diarios de agua

A

30-35 ml/kg

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9
Q

Requerimientos diarios de Na y K

A

1 mEq/kg

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10
Q

Requerimientos diarios de Cloruro

A

1.5 mEq/kg

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11
Q

Pérdidas normales diarias de agua por orina

A

1.2-1.5 L

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12
Q

Pérdidas normales diarias de agua por respiración

A

500-700 ml

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13
Q

Pérdidas normales diarias de agua por piel

A

200-400 ml

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14
Q

Fórmula de la osmolaridad

A

OSM = 2Na + Glucosa/18 + BUN/2.8

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15
Q

Estimulantes de la ADH

A

Dolor, quemaduras, trauma, barbitúricos, anestesia

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16
Q

Inhibidores de la ADH

A

Plasma hipoosmolar, alcohol, pérdidas del vol sanguíneo

17
Q

Estímulo de la Aldosterona

A

Angiotensina, hiperkalemia, ACTH, acidosis, HipoTA e HipoNa

18
Q

Inhibidores de la liberación de Aldosterona

A

HipoK
HiperNa, TA
Dolor, estrés, anestesia, narcóticos

19
Q

Estímulo de la PTH

A

Hipocalcemia

20
Q

Inhibidores de la PTH

A

HiperCa y Vit. D

21
Q

La hipo e hipernatremia se consideran trastornos de la:

A

Concentración

22
Q

Los trastornos del equilibrio ácido-base y de electrolitos se consideran trastornos de la:

A

Composición

23
Q

Valores normales de Na en plasma

A

135-145 mEq/L

24
Q

Valores normales de K en plasma

A

3.5 a 5 mEq/L

25
Q

Valores normales de Ca

A

8.5 a 10.5 mEq/L

26
Q

Valores normales de HCO3 en plasma

A

22-28 mEq/L

27
Q

Valores normales de Fósforo en plasma

A

2.5a 4.5 mEq/L

28
Q

Valores normales de Mg en plasma

A

1.6 a 3 mEq/L

29
Q

Valores normales de osmolalidad en plasma

A

280 a 295 mOsm/kg

ANESTESIOLOGÍA (15 decks)

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