4th Esition Spanish 2 Ch. 2 Flashcards
Object pronouns
Object pronouns
Pronouns are words that take the place of nouns. Direct object pronouns replace the noun that directly receives the action of the verb. Indirect object pronouns identify to whom/what or for whom an action is done.
True
Indirect object pronouns
Me, te, le, nos, os, les.
Direct object pronouns
Me te lo/la nos os los/las
Direct object pronouns (los pronombres de complemento directo e indirecto) precede the conjugated verb.
True
Indirect object
Indirect object
Carla siempre me da entradas para el teatro.
Carla always gives me theater tickets.
No le voy a comprar más libros.
I’m not going to buy him any more books.
Direct object
Direct object
Ella las consigue gratis.
She gets them for free.
Nunca los lee.
He never reads them.
When the verb is an infinitive, construction, object pronouns may either be attached to the infinitive or placed before the conjugated verb.
True
Indirect object
Indirect object
Vamos a darle un regalo.
Le vamos a dar un regalo.
Tienes que hablarnos de la película.
Nos tienes que hablar de la película.
Direct object
Direct object
Voy a hacerlo enseguida.
Lo voy a hacer enseguida.
Van a verla mañana.
La van a ver mañana.
When the verb is progressive form, object pronouns may either be attached to the present participle or placed before the conjugated verb.
True
Indirect object
Indirect object
Pedro está cantándome una canción.
Pedro me está cantando una canción
Direct object
Direct object
Está cantándola muy mal.
La está cantando muy mal.
The indirect object is pronoun precedes the direct object pronoun when they are used together in a sentence.
True
Me mandaron los boletos por correo.
Me los mandaron por correo.
Te pedí un álbum de Juanes.
Te lo pedí el lunes.
Le and les change to Se when they are used with lo, la, los, or las.
True
Le da los libros a Ricardo.
Se los da.
Le enseña las invitaciones a Elena.
Se las enseña.
Mí
Me; myself
Ti
You; yourself
Ud.
You; yourself
Sí
Yourself (formal)
Él
Him; it
Ella
Her; it
Sí
Himself; herself; itself
Nosotros/as
Us; ourselves
Vosotros/as
You; yourselves
Uds.
You; yourselves
Sí
Yourselves (formal)
Ellos
Them
Ellas
Them
Sí
Themselves
Prepositional pronouns function as the objects of prepositions. Except for mi, ti, and sí, these pronouns are the same as the subject pronouns.
True
¿Qué piensas de ella?
Ay, mi amor, sólo pienso en ti.
¿Lo compraron para mí o para o para Javier?
Lo compramos para él.
The indirect object can be repeated with the construction a + [prepositional pronoun] to provide clarity or emphasis.
True
¿Te gusta aquel cantante?
¡A mí me fascina!
¿A quién se lo dieron?
Se lo dieron a ella.
The adjective mismo(s)/a(s) is usually added to clarify or emphasize the relationship between the subject and the object.
True
José se lo regaló a él.
José gave it to him (someone else).
José se lo regaló a sí mismo.
José gave it to himself.
When mi, ti, and sí are used with con, they become conmigo, contigo, and consigo.
True
¿Quieres ir conmigo al parque de atracciones?
Do you want to go to the amusement park with me?
Laura siempre lleva su computadora portátil consigo.
Laura always brings her laptop with her.
These prepositions are used with tú and yo instead of mí and ti: entre, excepto, incluso, menos, salvo, según.
True
Todos están de acuerdo menos tú y yo.
Everyone is in agreement except you and me.
Entre tú y yo, Juan me cae mal.
Between you and me, I don’t get along well with Juan.
Gustar and similar verbs
Gustar and similar verbs
Though gustar is translated as to like in English, its literal meaning is to please. Gustar is preceded by an indirect object pronoun indicating the person who is pleased. It is followed by a noun indicating the thing or person that pleases.
True
Me gusta la película.
I like the movie (the movie pleases me)
¿Te gustan los conciertos rock?
Do you like rock concerts? (Do rock concerts please you?
Because the thing or person that pleases is the subject, gustar agrees in person and number with it. Most commonly the subject is third person singular or plural.
True
Singular subject
Singular subject
Nos gusta la música pop.
We like pop music.
Les gusta su casa nueva.
They like their new house.
Plural subject
Plural subject
Me gustan las quesadillas.
I like quesadillas.
¿Te gustan las películas románticas?
Do you like romantic movies?
When gustar is followed by one or more verbs in the infinitive, the singular form of gustar is always used.
True
No nos gusta llegar tarde.
We don’t like to arrive late.
Les gusta cantar y bailar.
They like to sing and dance.
Gustar is often used in the conditional (me gustaría, etc.) to soften a request.
True
Me gustaría un refresco con hielo, por favor.
I would like a soda with ice, please.
¿Te gustaría salir a cenar esta noche conmigo?
Would you like to go out to dinner with me tonight?
Aburrir
To bore
Caer bien/mal
To (not) get along well with
Disgustar
To upset
Doler
To hurt; to ache
Encantar
To like very much.
Faitar
To lack; to need
Fascinar
To fascinate; to like very much
Hacer falta
To miss
Importar
To be important to; to matter
Interesar
To be interesting to; to interest
Molestar
To bother; to annoy
Preocupar
To worry
Quedar
To be left over; to fit (clothing)
Sorprender
To surprise
¡Me fascina el álbum!
I love the album!
A Sandra le disgusta esa situación.
That situation upsets Sandra.
¿Te molesta si voy contigo?
Will it bother you if I come along?
Le duelen las rodillas.
Her knees hurt.
The indirect object can be repeated using the construction a + [prepositional pronoun] or a + [noun]. This construction allows the speaker to emphasize or clarify who is pleased, bothered, etc.
True
A ella no le gusta bailar, pero a él sí.
She doesn’t like to dance, but he does.
A Felipe le molesta ir de compras.
Shopping bothers Felipe.
Faltar expresses what someone or something lacks and quedar what someone or something has left. Quedar is also used to talk about how clothing fits or looks on someone.
True
Le falta dinero
He’s short of money
A la impresora no le queda papel.
The printer is out of paper.
Me faltan dos pesos.
I need two pesos.
Esa falda te queda bien.
That skirt fits you well.
Reflexive verbs
Reflexive verbs
In a reflexive construction, the subject of the verb both performs and receives the action. Reflexive verbs (verbos reflexivos) always use reflexive pronouns (me, te, se, nos, os, se).
True
Reflexive verb
Elena se lava la cara.
Non-reflexive verb
Elena lava los platos.
Lavarse- to wash (oneself)
Me lavo, te lavas, se lava, nos lavamos, os laváis, se lavan
Acostarse (o:ue)
To go to bed
Afeitarse
To shave
Bañarse
To take a bath
Cepillarse
To brush (hair/teeth)
Despertarse (e:ie)
To wake up
Dormirse (o:ue)
To fall sleep
Ducharse
To take a shower
Lavarse
To wash (oneself)
Levantarse
To get up
Maquillarse
To put on make-up
Peinarse
To comb (one’s hair)
Ponerse
To put on (clothing)
Quitarse
To take off (clothing)
Secarse
To dry off
Vestirse (e:i)
To get dressed
In Spanish, most transitive verbs can also be used as reflexive verbs to indicate that the subject performs the action to or for himself or herself.
True
Félix divietió a los invitados con sus chistes.
Félix amused the guests with his jokes.
Ana acostó a los gemelos antes de las nueve.
Ana put the twins to bed before nine.
Félix se divirtió en la fiesta.
Félix had fun at the party.
Ana se acostó muy tarde.
Ana went to bed very late.
Many verbs change meaning when they are used with a reflexive pronoun.
True
Aburrir
To bore
Acordar (o:ue)
To agree
Comer
To eat
Dormir (o:ue)
To sleep
Ir
To go
Llevar
To carry
Mudar
To change
Parecer
To seem
Poner
To put
Quitar
To take away
Aburrirse
To get bored
Acordarse (de) (o:ue)
To remember
Comerse
To eat up
Dormirse (o:ue)
To fall asleep
Irse (de)
To leave
Llevarse
To carry away
Mudarse
To move (change residence)
Parecerse (a)
To resemble; to look like
Ponerse
To put on (clothing)
Quitarse
To take off (clothing)
Some Spanish verbs and expressions are used in the reflexive even though their English equivalents may not be. Many of these are followed by the prepositions a, de, and en.
True
Acercarse (a)
To approach
Arrepentirse (de) (e:ie)
To regret
Atreverse (a)
To dare (to)
Convertirse (en) (e:ie)
To become
Darse cuenta (de)
To realize
Enterarse (de)
To find out (about)
Fijarse (en)
To take notice (of)
Morirse (de) (o:ue)
To die (of)
Olvidarse (de)
To forget (about)
Preocuparse (por)
To worry (about)
Quejarse (de)
To complain (about)
Sorprenderse (de)
To be surprised (about)
To get or to become is frequently expressed in Spanish by the reflexive verb ponerse + [adjective].
True
Pilar se pone muy nerviosa cuando habla
en público.
Pilar gets very nervous when she speaks in public.
Si no duermo bien, me pongo insoportable.
If I don’t sleep well, I become unbearable.
In the plural, reflexive verbs can express reciprocal actions done to one another.
True
Los dos equipos se saludan antes de comenzar el partido.
The two teams greet each other at the start of the game.
¡Los entrenadores se están peleando otra vez!
The coaches are fighting again!
The reflexive pronoun precedes the direct object pronoun when they are used together in a sentence.
True
¿Te comiste el pastel?
Did you eat the whole cake?
Sí, me lo comí.
Yes, I ate it all up.
