4th Edition Spanish Ch. 6 Flashcards
Numbers 101 and higher
Numbers 101 and higher
Spanish uses a period, rather than a comma, to indicate thousands and millions.
True
Ciento uno
101
Doscientos/as
200
Trescientos/as
300
Cuatrocientos
400
Quinientos/as
500
Seiscientos/as
600
Setecientos/as
700
Ochocientos/as
800
Novecientos/as
900
1.000
Mil
1.100
Mil cien
2.000
Dos mil
5.000
Cinco mil
100.000
Cien mil
200.000
Doscientos mil
550.000
Quinietos cincuenta mil
1.000.000
Un millón (de)
8.000.000
Ocho millones (de)
Use ciento uno if used for counting. Use ciento un(a) when describing quanity.
True
The numbers 200 through 999 agree in gender with the nouns they modify.
True
324 tiendas
Trescientas veinticuatro tiendas.
873 habitaciones
Ochocientas setenta y tres habitaciones
500 mujeres
Quinietas mujeres
605 clientes
Seiscientos cinco clientes
990 euros
Novecientos noventa euros
257 estudiantes
Doscientos cincuenta y siete estudiantes.
Mil can mean a thousand or one thousand. The plural form of un millón (a million or one million) is millones, which has no accent.
True
1.000 dólares
Mil dólares
5.000 bicicletas
Cinco mil bicicletas
2.000.000 de pesos
Dos millones de pesos.
1.000.000 de aficionados
Un millón de aficionados
The plural forms cientos and miles (de) refer to hundreds or thousands of (people or things).
True
Cientos de personas
Hundreds of people
Miles de dólares
Thousands of dollars
In Spanish, years are never expressed as pairs of 2-digit numbers as they sometimes are in English (1979, nineteen seventy-nine).
True
1945
Mil novecientos cuarenta y cinco
1898
Mil ochocientos noventa y ocho
2005
Dos mil cinco
In Spanish, street numbers follow the same pattern.
True
¿Cuál es tu dirección?
What’s your address?
Mi dirección es Balcarce mil doscientos ochenta y tres.
My address is Balcarce twelve hundred eighty-three.
When millión or millones are used before a noun, place de between the two.
True
1.000.000 de hombres
Un millón de hombres
12.000.000 de aviones
Doce millones de aviones.
15.000.000 de personas
Quince millones de personas
Mil millones
A billion (1.000.000.000)
Un billón
A trillion (1.000.000.000.000)
Hay mil millones de personas en China.
There are a billion people in China.
Hay un billón de planetas en el universo.
There are a trillion planets in the universe.
The preterite tense of regular verbs.
The preterite tense of regular verbs
In order to talk about events in the past, Spanish Uses two simple tenses; the preterite and the imperfect.
True
The preterite is used to talk about actions or states completed in the past.
True
Comprar-to buy
Compré, conpraste, compró, compramos, comprasteis, compraron.
Vender- to sale
Vendí, vendiste, vendió, vendimos, vendisteis, vendieron
Escribir- to write
Escribí, escribiste, escribió, escribimos, escribisteis, escribieron.
The preterite endings for regular -er and -ir verbs are identical. Also, the yo and Ud./él/ella forms of all three conjugations have written accents on the last syllable.
True
The nosotros/as forms of regular -ar and -ir verbs in the preterite are identical to the present-tense forms.
True
El invierno compramos suéteres.
In the winter we buy sweaters.
Anoche compramos unas sandalias.
Last night we bought some sanda.s.
Escribimos poemas en clase.
We write poems in class.
Ya escribimos dos veces al presidente.
We already wrote to the president twice.
-Ar and -er verbs that have a stem change in the present tense do not have a stem change in the preterite.
True
Cerrar- close
Ana cierra la puerta- Ana cerró la puerta.
Volver- to return
Juan vuelve a las dos
Él juega al fútbol.
Él jugó al futbol.
Pensar- Pienso mucho
Pensé mucho.
Verbs that end in -car, -gar, and -zar have a spelling change in the yo form of the preterite. All the other forms are regular.
True
Buscar
Busqué
Llegar
Llegué
Empezar
Empecé
Creer, leer, and oir have a spelling changes in the preterite.
True
Creer
Creí, creíste, creyó, creímos, creísteis, creyeron
Leer
Leí, leíste, leyó, leímos, leísteis, leyeron
Oír
Oí, oíste, oyó, oímos, oísteis, oyeron
Ver is regular in the preterite, but none of its forms has an accent.
True
Ver
Vi, viste, vio, vimos, visteis, vieron.
Anoche
Last night
Anteayer
The day before yesterday.
El año pasado
Last year
Ayer
Yesterday
De repente
Suddenly
Desde… Hasta…
From… Until…
Pasado/a
(Adj.) last; past
La semana pasada
Last week
Una vez
Once; one time
Dos veces
Twice; two times
Ya
Already
Acabo de comprar un sueter.
I just bought a sweater.
Acabas de ir de compras
You just went shopping.
Indirect object pronouns
Indirect object pronouns
An indirect object is the noun or pronoun that answers the question to whom or for whom an action is done. In this example, the indirect object answers this question: ¿A quién le prestó Roberto cien pesos? To whom did Roberto loan 100 pesos?
True
Roberto le prestó cien pesos a Luisa.
Roberto loaned 100 pesos to Luisa.
Me
(To, for) me
Te
(To, for) you (fam.)
Le
(To, for) you (form) (to, for) him; (to, for) her
Nos
(To, for) us
Os
(To, for) you (fam)
Les
(To, for) you (form); (to, for) them
Spanish speakers often use the object pronoun and the noun to which it refers in the same sentence to emphasize or clarify to whom the pronoun refers. The indirect object pronoun is often used without the indirect noun when the person for whom the action is being done or known.
True
Iván lev prestó un lápiz a Juan.
Iván loaned a pencil to Juan.
También le prestó papel.
He also loaned him paper.
Sabrina le compró un café a Valeria.
Sabrina bought Valeria a coffee.
Tambien le compró un sándwich.
She also bought her a sandwich.
Since le and les have multiple meanings, a + [noun] or a + [pronoun] is often used to clarify to whom the pronouns refer.
True
Ella les vendió ropa.
She sold clothing (to them or to you all).
Ella les vendió ropa a ellos.
She sold clothing to them.
Yo le presté una camisa a Luis.
Yo le presté una camisa a Luis.
Indirect object pronouns usually precede the conjugated verb. In negative sentences, place the pronoun between no and the conjugated verb.
True
Te compré un abrigo.
I bought you a coat.
No te ne compré nada.
I didn’t buy you anything.
When an infinitive or present participle is used, there are two options for indirect object pronoun placement: before the conjugated verb, or attached to the infinitive or present participle. When a pronoun is attached to a present participle, an accent mark is added.
True
¿Vas a comprarle un regalo a Carla? ¿Le vas a comprar un regalo a Carla?
Are you going to buy a gift for Carla?
Estoy mostrándoles las fotos a ellos. Les estoy mostrando las fotos a ellos.
I’m showing them the photos.
The irregular verbs dar (to give) and decir (to say; to tell) are often used with indirect object pronouns.
True
Dar
Doy, das, da, damos, daís, dan, dando
Decir
Digo, dices, dice, decimos, decis, dicen, diciendo
Mi abuela me da muchos regalos.
My grandmother gives me lots of gives.
Te digo la verdad.
I’m telling you the truth.
Voy a darle un beso.
I’m going to give her a kiss.
Te digo la verdad.
I’m telling you the truth.
No les estoy diciendo mentiras a mis padres.
I am not telling lies to my parents.
Demonstrative adjectives and pronouns.
Demonstratives adjectives and pronouns.
Demonstrative adjectives demonstrate or point out nouns. They precede the nouns they modify and agree with them in gender and number.
True
Este vestido
This dress
Esos zapatos
Those shoes
Aquella tienda
That store (over there)
Masculine
Este, ese, aquel
Feminine
Esta, esa, aquella
Masculine
Estos, esos, aquellos
Feminine
Estas, esas, aquellas
Esto/esta
This
Estos/estas
These
Ese/esa
That
Esos/esas
Those
Aquel/aquella
That
Aquellos/aquellas
Those (over there)
The demonstrative adjectives este, esta, estos, and estas are used to point out nouns that are close to the speaker and the listener.
True
The demonstrative adjectives aquel, aquella, aquellos, and aquellas are used to point out nouns that are far away from the speaker and the listener.
True
Demonstrative pronouns are identical to demonstrative adjectives except that they traditionally carry an accent mark on the stressed vowel. They agree in number and gender with the corresponding noun.
True
No me gusta este sueter. Prefiero ese.
I don’t like this sweater. I prefer that one.
No voy a comprar estos zapatos. Quiero aquellos.
I’m not going to buy these shoes. I want those ones over there.
Ella quiere comprar esa bolsa no aquella.
She wants to buy that purse, not that one over there.
Que precio tienen esos pantalones? Esos cuestan quince dolares.
How much do those pants cost? Those cost fifteen dollars.
There are three neuter forms: esto, eso, and aquello. These forms refer to unidentified or unspecified nouns, situations, and ideas. They do not change in gender or number and never carry an accent mark.
True
