4th Edition Spanish Ch. 13 Flashcards
The subjunctive with verbs of emotion
The subjunctive with verbs and emotion
When the main clause of a sentence expresses an emotion or feeling, use the subjunctive in the subordinate clause.
True
Nos alegramos de que te gusten las flores.
We are happy that you like the flowers.
Siento que tú no vengas mañana.
I’m sorry that you’re not coming tomorrow.
Tomo que Ana no pueda ir mañana con nosotros.
I’m concerned that Ana won’t be able to go with us tomorrow.
Le sorprende que Juan sea tan joven.
It surprises him that Juan is so young.
Alegrarse (de)
To be happy
Esperar
To hope; to wish
Gustar
To be pleasing; to like
Molestar
To bother
Sentir- to regret
Siento, sientes, siente, sentimos, sentís, sienten
Sorprender- to surprise
Sorprendo, sorprendes, sorprende, sorprendemos, sorprendéis, sorprenden
Temer- to be worried, concerned
Temo, temes, teme, tememos, teméis, temen
Tener miedo (de)
To be afraid (of)
Es extraño
It’s strange
Es una lástima
It’s a shame
Es ridículo
It’s ridiculous
Es terrible
It’s terrible
Es triste
It’s sad
Ojalá (que)
I hope (that); I wish (that)
Me molesta que la gente no recicle el plástico.
It bothers me that people don’t recycle plastic.
Es terrible que no respiremos aire puro.
It’s terrible that we don’t breathe clean air.
Es una lástima que no controlemos la deforestación.
It’s a shame that we don’t control deforestation.
Espera que el gobierno proteja el medio ambiente.
He hopes that the government protects the environment.
Use the infinitive after an expression of emotion when there is no change of subject.
True
Temo llegar tarde.
I’m concerned I’ll arrive late.
Me molesta ver el bosque tropical en peligro.
It bothers me to see the rainforest in danger.
Temo que mi novio llegue tarde.
I’m afraid my boyfriend will arrive late.
Me alegro de que algunas fábricas se preocupen por el medio ambiente.
I’m happy that some factories worry about the environment.
The expression ojalá (que) is always followed by the subjunctive. The use of que is optional.
True
Ojalá (que) se conserven nuestros recursos naturales.
I hope (that) our natural resources will be conserved.
Ojalá (que) recojan la basura muy pronto.
I hope (that) they collect the garbage soon.
The subjunctive with doubt, disbelief, and denial
The subjunctive with doubt, disbelief, and denial
The subjunctive is used with expressions of doubt, disbelief, and denial.
True
The subjunctive is used in a subordinate clause when there is a change of subject and the main clause implies negation or uncertainty.
True
Dudar- to doubt
Dudo, dudas, duda, dudamos, dudáis, dudan
Negar- to deny
Niego, niegas, niega, negamos, negáis, niegan
No creer
Not to believe
No estar seguro/a (de)
Not to be sure (of)
No es cierto
It’s not true; it’s not certain.
No es seguro
It’s not certain
No es Verdad
It’s not true
Es imposible
It’s impossible
Es improbable
It’s improbable
(No) es posible
It’s (not) possible
(No) es probable
It’s (not) probable
El gobierno niega que el agua esté contaminada.
The government denies that the water is polluted.
Dudo que el gobierno resuelva el problema.
I doubt that the government will solve the problem.
In English, the expression it is probable/possible indicates a fairly high degree of certainty. In Spanish, however, es probable/posible implies inherent uncertainty and therefore triggers the subjunctive in the subordinate clause.
True
Es posible que haya menos bosques y selvas en el futuro.
It’s possible that there will be fewer forests and jungles in the future.
Es muy probable que contaminemos el medio ambiente.
It’s very probable that we’re polluting the environment.
Use the infinitive after an expression of uncertainty, doubt, disbelief, or denial when there is no change of subject.
True
Dudo llegar temprano.
I doubt I will arrive early.
Él duda llegar temprano.
He doubts he will arrive early.
Quizás and tal vez imply an uncertain possibility and are usually followed by the subjunctive.
True
Quizás haga sol mañana.
Perhaps it will be sunny tomorrow.
Tal vez veamos la luna esta noche.
Perhaps we will see the moon tonight.
No dudar
Not to doubt
No cabe duda de
There is no doubt
No hay duda de
There is no doubt
No negar (e:ie)
Not to deny
Estar seguro/a (de)
To be sure (of)
Es cierto
It’s true; it’s certain
Es seguro
It’s certain
Es verdad
It’s true
Es obvio
It’s obvious
No negamos que hay demasiados carros en las carretas.
We don’t deny that there are too many cars on the highway.
Es verdad que Columbia es un país bonito.
It’s true that Columbia is a beautiful country.
No hay duda de que el Amazonas es uno de los ríos más largos del mundo.
There is no doubt that the Amazon is one of the longest rivers in the world.
Es cierto que los tigres están en peligro de extinctión.
It’s certain that tigers are in danger of extinction.
The verb creer expresses belief or certainty, so it is followed by the indicative. No creer implies doubt and is followed by the subjunctive.
True
No creo que haya vida en el planeta Marte.
I don’t believe that there is life on planet Mars.
Creo que debemos usar exclusivamente la energía solar.
I believe we should exclusively use solar energy.
The subjunctive with conjunctions
The subjunctive with conjunctions
Conjunctions are words or phrases that connect clauses in sentences. Certain conjunctions introduce adverbial clauses, which describe how, why, and where an action takes place. These conjunctions always require the subjunctive.
True
A menos que
Unless
Antes (de) que
Before
Con tal (de) que
Provided that
En caso (de) que
In case (that)
Para que
So that
Sin que
Without
Voy a dejar un recado en caso de que Gustavo me llame.
I’m going to leave a message in case Gustavo calls me.
Voy al supermercado para que tengas algo de comer.
I’m going to the supermarket so that you’ll have something to eat.
Voy a tomar esa clase con tal de que tú la tomes también.
I’m going to take that class provided that you take it too.
Use the infinitive after the preposition antes de, para, and sin when there is no change of subject.
True
Te llamamos el viernes antes de salir de la casa.
We will call you on Friday before leaving the house.
Tus padres trabajan muchísimo para vivir bien.
Your parents work very hard in order to live well.
Te llamamos mañana antes de que salgas.
We will call you tomorrow before you leave.
Tus padres trabajan mucho para que tú puedas vivir bien.
Your parents work a lot so that you are able to live well.
Cuando
When
Después (de) que
After
En cuanto
As soon as
Hasta que
Until
Tan pronto como.
As soon as.
