4th Edition Spanish Ch. 10 Flashcards
The imperfect tense
The imperfect tense
Cantar- to sing
Cantata, cantabas, cantaba, cantábamos, cantabais, cantaban
Beber- to drink
Bebía, bebías, bebía, bebíamos, bebían, bebían
Escribir- to write
Escribía, escribías, escribía, escíbíamos, escribíais, escribían
The imperfect endings of -er and -ir verbs are the same. The nosotros form of -ar verbs has an accent on the first a of the ending. -Er and -ir verb forms carry an accent on the first i of the ending.
True
There are no stem changes in the imperfect tense.
True
Me duelen los pies
My feet hurt.
Me dolían los pies.
My feet were hurting
The imperfect form of hay is había (there was/were/used to be).
True
Había, sólo un médico.
There was only one doctor.
Había dos pacientes allí.
There were two patients there.
Ir- to go
Iba, ibas, iba, ibamos, ibaís, iban
Ser- to be
Era, eras, era, éramos, erais, eran
Ver- to see
Veía, veías, veía, veíamos, veíais, veían
The imperfect is used to describe past events in a different way than the preterite. Generally, the imperfect describes actions which are seen by the speaker as incomplete or continuing, while the preterite describes actions which have been completed. The imperfect expresses what was happening at a certain time or how things used to be.
True
¿Qué te pasó?
What happened to you?
Me torci el tobillo.
I sprained my ankle
¿Dónde vivías de niño?
Where did you live as a child?
Vivía en San José.
I lived in San José.
De Nino/a
As a child
Todos los días
Every day
Mientras
While
Íbamos al parque los domingos
We used to go to the park on Sundays.
Yo leía mientras Él estudiaba.
I was reading while he was studying.
Eran las tres y media.
It was 3:30.
Los niños tenían seis años.
The children were six years old.
Era alto y guapo.
He was tall and handsome.
Quería mucho a su familia.
He loved his family very much.
Constructions with de
Constructions with se
Se can be used as a reflexive pronoun.
True
Non-reflexive verbs can be used with se to form impersonal constructions. In impersonal constructions, the person performing the action is not defined. In English, the passive voice or indefinite subjects (you, they, one) are used.
True
Se habla español en Costa Rica.
Spanish is spoken in Costa Rica.
Se puede leer en la sala de espera.
You can read in the waiting room.
The third person singular verb form is used with singular nouns and the third person plural form is used with plural nouns.
True
Se can be used to de-emphasize the person who performs an action, implying that the accident or event is not his or her direct responsibility.
True
Se me cayó la pluma.
I dropped the pen.
Caer
To fall; to drop
Dañar
To damage; to break down
Olvidar
To forget
Perder (e:ie)
To lose
Quedar
To be left behind
Romper
To break
Dejar caer (to let fall) is often used to mean to drop.
True
Elena dejó caer el libro.
Elena dropped the book.
El médico dejó caer la aspirina.
The doctor dropped the aspirin.
A + [noun] or a + [prepositional pronoun] is frequently used to clarify or emphasize who is involved in the action.
True
Al estudiante Se le perdió la tarea.
The student lost his homework.
A mí Se me olvidó ir a clase ayer.
I forgot to go to class yesterday.
Adverbs
Adverbs
Adverbs describe how, when, and where actions take place. They modify verbs, adjectives, and even other adverbs.
True
Bien
Good
Mal
Bad
Muy
Very
Nunca
Never
Hoy
Today
Siempre
Always
Temprano
Early
Ayer
Yesterday
Aquí
Here
Most adverbs end in -mente. These are equivalent to the English adverbs which end in -ly.
True
Lentamente
Slowly
Verdadramente
Truly, really
Generalmente
Generally
Simplemente
Simply
To form adverbs which end in -mente, add -mente to the feminine form of the adjective. If the adjective does not have a feminine form, just add -mente to the standard form.
True
Lentamente
Slowly
Fabulosmente
Fabulously
Enormemente
Hugely
Felizmente
Happily
Adverbs that end in -mente generally follow the verb, while adverbs that modify an adjective or another adverb precede the word they modify.
True
Javier dibuja maravillosamente.
Javier draws wonderfully.
Inés está casi siempre ocupada.
Inés is almost always busy.
A menudo
Often
A tiempo
On time
A veces
Sometimes
Además (de)
Furthermore; besides
Apenas
Hardly; scarcely
así
Like this; so
Bastante
Enough; quite
Casi
Almost
Con frecuencia
Frequently
De vez en cuando
From time to time
Menos
Less
Muchas veces
A lot; many times
Poco
Little
Por Lo menos
At least
Pronto
Soon
