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Microbiology for Nursing > 4.3,5.3 Lessons > Flashcards

4.3,5.3 Lessons Flashcards

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1
Q

What gram negative nonproteobacteria is extremely thin and hair to stain and culture?

A

Spirochetes

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2
Q

T/F Spirochetes have axial filament similar to flagella

A

True

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3
Q

What are the 2 key Spirochetes species?

A

Treponema pallidum and Borrelia burgdorferi

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4
Q

Which Spirochetes is the causative agent for syphilis?

A

Treponema pallidum

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5
Q

Which Spirochetes causes Lyme disease?

A

Borrelia burgdorferi

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6
Q

What gram negative nonproteobacteria breaks down complex carbs and has similar metabolic and genetic characteristics?

A

The CFB group

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7
Q

Which genus in the CFB group uses a gliding system for motility?

A

Cytophaga

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8
Q

Which genus in the CFB group inhabits the mouth and can cause various oral disease?

A

Fusobacterium

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9
Q

Which genus in the CFB group makes up 30% of the gut microbiome? Lower levels of it is correlated with obesity

A

Bacteroides

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10
Q

Which gram negative nonproteobacteria is found in aquatic environments: fresh, salt, and brackish? They reproduce via budding

A

Planctomycetes

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11
Q

What are the 2 types of cells important in planctomycetes and what are they?

A

Sessile cells-immobile with holdfast appendage
Swarmer cells- motile, unable to reproduce

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12
Q

What is a gram negative proteo/ non-proteobacteria that is grouped based on function and utilizes sunlight as main source of energy via photosynthesis?

A

Phototrophic Bacteria

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13
Q

What are the major groups of phototrophic bacteria?

A
  • Purple and green bacteria (due to bacteriochlorophylls)
  • Cyanobacteria
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14
Q

What is an oxygenic photosynthesizer that undergoes the process in the thylakoid membrane? Used as biosorbents and for human nutrition

A

Cyanobacteria

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15
Q

What are the anoxygenic photosynthesizers?

A

Purple/green sulfur/nonsulfur

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16
Q

T/F Fungi are heterotrophic and mostly saprophytic.

A

T, Fungi gets it’s food from other plants/animals, mostly from dead ones

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17
Q

What is Mycoses?

A

Illness caused by fungi

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18
Q

Are molds unicellular or multicellular?

A

Multicellular

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19
Q

What is the existence of hyphae a characteristic of?
What are hyphae and where do they form in?

A

Molds
They are filamentous structures that form together into mycelium and thallus

20
Q

What are the 2 types of hyphae and define them

A

Septate hyphae- posses walls between cells
Coenocytic hyphae- no cells/membranes between cells

21
Q

Are yeasts unicellular or multicellular?

A

Unicellular

22
Q

How do yeasts reproduce?

A

Budding form (asexual reproduction)

23
Q

For yeast, what is formed when buds stick together?

A

Pseudohyphae

24
Q

What kind of cells walls do fungi have?

A

Chitin

25
Q

What type of sterol is found in fungi’s membrane?

A

Ergosterol

26
Q

In what ways can fungi reproduce sexually?

A

Cross or self-fertilization

27
Q

In what ways can fungi reproduce asexually?

A

Mitosis, budding, fragmentation of hyphae

28
Q

What type of fungi can have one or both modes of reproduction?

A

Mold

29
Q

What is dimorphic fungi

A

Can appear as either yeast or mold

30
Q

What is the fungi phyla is associated with food production, food spoilage, and human pathogens?

A

Ascomycota

31
Q

What are the sexual and asexual spores of Ascomycota?

A

Ascospores- sexual
Conidia- asexual

32
Q

What are the 3 prominent species of ascomycota?

A

Aspergillus, Candida albicans, and penicillium

33
Q

What Ascomycota species is mold and is the common cause of allergies and opportunistic infection of tissues?

A

Aspergillus

34
Q

What Ascomycota species is a yeast with a normal biota but can be opportunistic pathogen?

A

Candida albicans

35
Q

What Ascomycota species is associated with vaginal yeast infection, oral thrush, and candidiasis?

A

Candida albicans

36
Q

What ascomycota species is mold that produces antibiotics?

A

Penicillium

37
Q

What fungi phyla is club-shaped and produces basidiospores?

A

Basidiomycota

38
Q

What fungi phyla is an important decomposer and food source which includes puffballs, mushrooms, rusts, and stinkhorns?

A

Basidiomycota

39
Q

What phyla does Amanita phalloides belong to and what is it?

A

Basidiomycota; a poisonous mushroom know as the death cap

40
Q

What fungi phyla is a unicellular obligate intracellular parasites that was once classified as protists?

A

Microsporidia

41
Q

Why are microsporidia obligate intracellular parasites?

A

Because they have no mitochondria, peroxisomes, or centrioles

42
Q

What do microspodia have to pierce host cell and infect?

A

Polar tubule

43
Q

What fungi phyla is mostly saprophytic (decomposer) and has coenocytic hyphae (multinucleated,large cells)?

A

Zygomycota

44
Q

What spores in Zygomycota is used for sexual and asexual reproduction?

A

Sexual- Zygospores
Asexual- Sporangiospores

45
Q

What is common to spoilage of strawberries?

A

Zygomycota

46
Q

What species is important in Zygomycota and what is it?

A

Mucor- necrotizing infections in humans

Microbiology for Nursing (16 decks)

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