4.1, 4.5, 5.5 Lessons Flashcards
What do prokaryotes consist of?
Bacteria and Archaea
What does ubiquitous mean and why are prokaryotes considered ubiquitous?
Are able to live almost everywhere; prokaryotes are very adaptable and resilient
Why is diversity in microbes important?
Stability of ecosystems, carbon and nitrogen fixation, and environmental cleanup
What are some causes from 1% of microbes that are harmful?
Human pathogens and climate change
What is mutualism and what is an example?
Both is benefitted; gut nutrient metabolism
What is amensalism and what is an example?
One is harmed while the other is unaffected; Antimicrobial defense on skin
What is commensalism? What is an example
One is benefitted and the other is unaffected; Skin cells as food source
What is neutralism and what is an example?
Both are unaffected; spores in soil
What is Parasitism and what is an example?
One is benefitted and the other is harmed; tuberculosis, leprosy, etc.
What are the 2 types communities and define them
Cooperative (biofilm formation) and Competing (scarce resources)
What are the 2 types of microbiome and define them
Resident- constantly live in or on our bodies
Transient- temporarily found in the human body
Do Prokaryotes reproduce sexually or asexually?
Asexually
What are is classified in the Gram Negative Phyla?
Proteobacteria, Spirochete, CFB group, Planctomycetes, and Phototrophic bacteria
What is classified in the Gram Positive Phyla?
Actinobacteria and Firmicutes
What is classified as atypical (neither gram positive or gram negative phyla)
Tenericutes
What does LUCA stand for?
Last Universal Common Ancestor
What deeply brancing bacteria is gram negative hyperthermophiles living in hot springs and oven vents?
Aquificae
What deeply branching bacteria class is gram negative hyperthermophilic anaerobes with a sheath-like outer membrane
Thermotogae
What deeply brancing bacteria class is a gram positive polyextremophle (heat, vacuum, acidity tolerant)
Deinococci
What is a non-pathogenic, common soil and rock decomposer?
Lichens
Lichens are a combonation of _____/______ and _____/____.
Algae/cyanobacterium and ascomycete/basidiomycete fungus
What type of symbiotic relationship do lichens have?
Mutualism
What are the 3 types of lichens and what is it’s categories based off of?
Crustose, Foliose, and Fruiticose; Morphology
