14.4, 14.6, 14.7

Question 1

What is the MOA of antifungal drugs?

Answer 1

Disruption of sterol synthesis and membrane integrity

Question 2

What are imidazoles, triazoles, allylamines, and polyenes prominent drugs of?

Answer 2

Antifungal drugs

Question 3

What antifungal drugs disrupts ergosterol biosynthesis, commonly used in medical and agriculture, and treats infections caused by dematophytes (ringworm, tinea pedis- athlete’s foot, tinea cruris- jock itch)

Answer 3

Imidazoles

Question 4

Which antifungal drugs inhibit ergosterol biosynthesis, administered orally or intravenously, and used for systemic yeast infections: oral thrush, cryptococcal meningitis?

Answer 4

Triazoles

Question 5

Which antifungal drug inhibit earlier step in ergosterol biosynthesis, treat dermatophytic skin infection: athelete’s foot, ringworm, jock itch; an example is terbinafine (Lamisil)

Answer 5

Allylamines

Question 6

What antifungal drugs bind to ergosterol and create pores in the membrane?

Answer 6

Polyenes

Question 7

Which antifungal drug interferes with DNA replication and protein synthesis?

Answer 7

Flucytosine

Question 8

Which antifungal drug inhibit B(1-3) glucan synthesis; penicillin for fungi?

Answer 8

Echinocandins

Question 9

Which antifungal drugs inhibit chitin synthesis?

Answer 9

Polyoxins and nikkomycins

Question 10

Which antifungal drugs interferes with microtubules involved in spindle formation during mitosis?

Answer 10

Griseofulvin

Question 11

What antifungal drug is an antimetabolite for fungal and protozoal mitochondrial cytochrome function

Answer 11

Atovaquone

Question 12

What are the 2 main MOAs of Antiprotozoan Drugs

Answer 12

Inhibition of various metabolites and DNA synthesis

Question 13

What antiprotozoan drug inhibits Electron transport and is used for Malaria, babesiosis, toxoplasmosis?

Answer 13

Atovaquone

Question 14

What antiprotozoan Drug inhibits folic acid synthesis?

Answer 14

proguanil

Question 15

What antiprotozoan drug inhibits DNA synthesis and is used on dysentery, giardia, and trichomoniasis?

Answer 15

Metronidazole

Question 16

What antiprotozoan drugs cleaves DNA within kinetoplasts; binds tRNA and is used on African sleeping sickness, leishmaniasis?

Answer 16

Pentamidine

Question 17

Which antiprotozoan drug is unclear, but likely damages target cells by ROS (reactive oxygen species); antimalarial?

Answer 17

Artemisinin

Question 18

Which antiprotozoan drug interferes with heme detoxification and is used for malaria and dysentery?

Answer 18

Quinolines

Question 19

Which antihelminthic drug is involved with the inhibition of microtubule formation? What spectrum does it have?

Answer 19

Mebendazole

Question 20

What antihelminthic drug blocks neuronal transmission in invertebrates causing starvation, paralysis, and death?

Answer 20

Ivermectin

Question 21

Which antihelminthic drug inhibit ATP formation under anaerobic conditions?

Answer 21

Niclosamide

Question 22

Which antihelminthic drug induce influx of Ca into the worm; paralysis

Answer 22

Praziquantel

Question 23

What is the common MOA of Antiviral Drugs?

Answer 23

Inhibiting nucleic acid synthesis

Question 24

What antiviral drug does viral enzyme activation and affinity for viral DNA polymerase?

Answer 24

Acyclovir

Question 25

What antiviral drugs is made for the treatment of influenza A; MOA: binds to transmembrane protein; blocking escape from endosome prevents RNA release into host cells

Answer 25

Amantadine and Rimantadine

Question 26

What antiviral drug has an MOA of inhibition of neuraminidase that aids in release of viral particles from host cell?

Answer 26

Oseltamivir

Question 27

These describe what? - targets CD$+ WBC - retrovirus; incorporates into host genome (hides) - rapid development of antiviral drug resistance

Answer 27

Why HIV is difficult to treat

Question 28

What usually includes “cocktail” of antivirals to target multiple processes?

Answer 28

ART - Antiretroviral therapy

Question 29

Which antiviral in ART blocks RNA -> DNA

Answer 29

Reverse transcriptase inhibitors

Question 30

What antiviral in ART blocks processing of viral proteins

Answer 30

Protease inhibitors

Question 31

What antiviral in ART prevents integration of viral DNA into host chromosome?

Answer 31

Integrase inhibitors

Question 32

What antiviral in ART prevents binding of virus to host cell and merging of envelope and membrane

Answer 32

Fusion inhibitors

Question 33

What is it the test called when it’s used to examine degree of susceptibility/resistance?

Answer 33

Kirby-Bauer: Disk diffusion

Question 34

What is the area of antibacterial activity around drug impregnated disk called?

Answer 34

Zone of Inhibition

Question 35

What is lowest concentration of drug that inhibits visible bacterial growth?

Answer 35

Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC)

Question 36

What is the lowest drug concentration that kills >99.9%

Answer 36

Minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC)

Question 37

What is the combo of Kirby-bauer assay and dilution method; strip with antibacterial gradient placed on agar plate?

Answer 37

Etest