4.1 Infratemporal Fossa Flashcards
What is the superior boundary of infratemporal fossa?
Greater wing of sphenoid (inferior surface) and squamous temporal bones
What are the features of the superior boundary of infratemporal fossa?
Foramen ovale, foramen spinosum
What is the inferior boundary of infratemporal fossa?
“Open bottom” filled by medial pterygoid muscle
What is the medial boundary of infratemporal fossa?
Lateral pterygoid plate
What are the features of the medial boundary of infratemporal fossa?
Pterygomaxillary fissure (between medial and anterior walls)
What is the lateral boundary of infratemporal fossa?
Ramus and condyle of mandible
What are the features of the lateral boundary of infratemporal fossa?
Lingula, mandibular foramen and canal
What is the anterior boundary of infratemporal fossa?
Posterior maxilla
What are the features of the anterior boundary of infratemporal fossa?
Posterior superior alveolar foramina
What is the posterior boundary of infratemporal fossa?
“open” fascia
The temporal fossa funnels inferiorly to pass below … and ends at base of skull
zygomatic arch
What separates the temporal fossa from the infratemporal fossa?
Infratemporal crest
Thickened portion of the joint capsule to prevent posterior and inferior dislocation of the joint.
Lateral ligament of TMJ
Biconcave disc of dense fibrous tissue between condyle and mandibular fossa
Articular disc of the TMJ
What is the relationship of the sphenomandibular ligament with the TMJ?
Medial to TMJ
Primary passive support of the mandible (tonus of muscles of mastication usually bear weight of mandible)
Sphenomandibular ligament
Anatomical variations of the attachment of the Sphenomandibular ligament to the lingula of the mandible can result in poor anesthesia to the …
inferior alveolar nerve
What is the retrodiscal pad/tissue located between?
articular disc and the posterior osseous structures
What is the movement of the upper compartment of the articular disc of the TMJ?
Translatory movement (gliding) = protrusion and retrusion
What is the movement of the lower compartment of the articular disc of the TMJ?
Hinge movement = elevation and depression
What is the primary nerve and vascular supply of the TMJ?
auriculotemporal n. and superficial temporal a.
What nerve and artery innervate and supply the anterior surface of the TMJ?
n. to masseter and muscular branches of maxillary a.
The muscles of mastication are all innervated by branches of …
CN V3
What fibers of the temporalis muscle maintain resting tonus and elevation of mandible?
Bilaterally, anterior fibers
What fibers of the temporalis muscle are primary retractors of mandible?
Bilaterally, posterior fibers
What is superficial to the master muscle? (4)
transverse facial a., parotid duct, parotid gland, branch of facial n.
Which muscles close the mouth (elevation)?
Temporalis, Masseter, Medial pterygoid m.
Which muscles act to open the mouth (depression)?
Gravity, Lateral pterygoid (inferior heads), suprahyoid mm., infrahyoid mm., platysma
Which muscles jut the jaw out (protrude)?
Masseter (superficial fibers), Lateral pterygoid m., Medial pterygoid m.
Which muscles retrude the jaw?
Temporalis (posterior fibers), Masseter (deep fibers), geniohyoid, digastrics
Which muscles are involved in right lateral (excursion) movements?
Right masseter, right temporalis, left medial pterygoid, left lateral pterygoid
Which muscles are involved in left lateral (excursion) movements?
Left masseter, left temporalis, right medial pterygoid, right lateral pterygoid
The maxillary artery is a terminal branch of what vessel?
ECA
What are the neurovasculature contents of the infra temporal fossa?
CN V3 branches, Chorda tympani (CN VII), and otic ganglion
What is the superior attachment of the TMJ?
Mandibular fossa and articular tubercle of the temporal bone
What is the inferior attachment of the TMJ?
Mandibular condylar neck
Both the lateral and medial pterygoid muscles attach to the
lateral pterygoid plate
How does the maxillary artery travel in relation to the mandible?
Posterior to the neck of the mandible
Where is the 1st part of the maxillary artery located?
deep to neck of mandible (all go into bone)
Where is the 2nd part of the maxillary artery located?
variable relationship to lateral pterygoid m. (either superficial or deep) (all supply muscles)
Where is the 3rd part of the maxillary artery located?
Through pterygomaxillary fissure to the pterygopalatine fossa
What does the middle meningeal a. supply?
dura mater and calvaria (via foramen spinosum)
What does the inferior alveolar a. supply?
mandible and teeth (via mandibular foramen and canal)
What artery does the inferior alveolar a. give off?
mental a.
What does the deep temporal a. supply?
temporalis m.
What does the pterygoid a. supply?
lateral and medial pterygoid mm.
What does the artery to masseter supply?
masseter muscle (deep surface)
What does the buccal a. supply?
buccinator m.
What does the posterior superior alveolar a. supply?
maxillary molar and premolar teeth, maxillary sinus and posterior superior gingivae
What does the infra-orbital a. supply?
inferior eyelid, lacrimal sac, side of nose, and upper lip
What does the Pterygoid Venous Plexus communicate with? (5)
Retromandibular v., facial v., inferior ophthalmic v., cavernous sinus, pharyngeal plexus
CN V3 arises within middle cranial fossa from trigeminal ganglion and descends through the … to reach the infra temporal fossa.
foramen ovale
The auriculotemporal n. crosses …
middle meningeal a.
What do the sensory fibers from the auriculotemporal n. supply?
TMJ, anterior ear, temporal region
What nerve does the otic ganglion receives preganglionic parasympathetic fibers from?
lesser petrosal n. (CN IX)
Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers hitch a ride on the … to reach the parotid gland.
Auriculotemporal n. (CN V3)
Where is the otic ganglion found?
inferior to foramen ovale, medial to the root of CN V3, and posterior to medial pterygoid m.
What is the relationship of inferior alveolar n. to the sphenomandibular ligament?
Lateral
What is the relationship of the inferior alveolar n. to the medial pterygoid m.?
travels between medial pterygoid and ramus of mandible (lateral)
Within the mandibular canal, what are the two branches the inferior alveolar n. terminated in?
mental n. and incisive n.
What is the relationship of the lingual n. to the pterygoid mm.?
appears from under the inferior border of lateral pterygoid m. and passes over the lateral aspect of the medial pterygoid m. Enters the mouth between the medial pterygoid m. and ramus of mandible, then anteriorly in the floor of the mouth under oral mucosa
What is the relationship of the long buccal n. to the pterygoid mm.?
emerges between 2 heads of lateral pterygoid m.
Chorda tympani n. branches off the main trunk of CN VII after the …, in the facial canal near the tympanic membrane.
geniculate ganglion
Chorda tympani n. enters the infra temporal fossa through the …
petrotympanic fissure
What nerve does the chorda tympani n. hitch a ride on after entering the infra temporal fossa (petrotympanic fissure)
lingual nerve of CN V3
What nerve conducts afferent taste fibers from anterior 2/3rd tongue?
Chorda tympani n.
Chorda tympani n. conducts preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the …, where the fibers synapse
Submandibular ganglion
Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the submandibular ganglion: (1)enter the submandibular gland or again (2) hitch a ride on … to provide secretomotor innervation to the ….
lingual n. to sublingual glands
Posterior superior alveolar n. originates in the pteryopalatine fossa as a direct branch from …
maxillary division of trigeminal n. (V2)
Posterior superior alveolar n. enters the infra temporal fossa via pterygomaxillary fissure and descends on the …
posterolateral surface of maxilla
Posterior superior alveolar n. enters a small foramina in the maxilla and passes through the …
lateral wall of maxillary sinus
The inferior alveolar n. enters the mandibular foramen and passes through the mandibular foramen and canal forming the …
inferior dental plexus
The inferior dental plexus receives …(what? and from what?)
sensory fibers from mandibular teeth
What nerve conducts sensory info from the skin and mucous membranes of the lower lip, skin of the chin, and the vestibular gingiva of the mandibular incisors, canines, and premolars (variable)?
mental n.
What does the incisive n. provide sensory innervation to?
central and lateral incisors, canines, and first premolar (variable)
Where does the lingual n. conduct sensory (pain, temp, touch) info from (3)?
anterior 2/3 tongue, mucosa of the floor of the mouth, and mandibular lingual gingiva
What nerve runs anteriorly on the buccinator muscle, then pierces it, but does not supply it?
long buccal n.
Where does the long buccal n. conduct sensory branches from (3)?
skin over cheek and mucous membrane lining the cheek, and mandibular buccal gingiva of the molar region
The nerve to mylohyoid m. is a branch off what nerve?
inferior alveolar n. (supplies mylohyoid and ant. belly of digastric m.)
