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Gross Anatomy > 3.3 Triangles of the Neck > Flashcards

3.3 Triangles of the Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Superior border of the anterior cervical triangle

A

inferior margin of mandible

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2
Q

Inferior border of the anterior cervical triangle

A

jugular notch

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3
Q

Medial border of the anterior cervical triangle

A

anteriomedian line of the neck

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4
Q

Lateral border of the anterior cervical triangle

A

anterior margin of sternocleidomastoid

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5
Q

Anterior border (roof) of the anterior cervical triangle

A

platysma m. and investing later of deep cervical fascia

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6
Q

What is found in the muscular triangle?

A

infrahyoid mm. and thyroid gland

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7
Q

What is found in the carotid triangle?

A

common carotid a., carotid sinus, internal jugular v., CN X, CN XII

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8
Q

What is found in the submandibular (digastric) triangle?

A

submandibular gland, submandibular lymph nodes, facial a. and v.

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9
Q

What is found in the submental (suprahyoid) triangle?

A

lymph nodes

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10
Q

What innervates the platysma m?

A

facial n. (cervical branch of CN VII)

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11
Q

What is the action of the platysma m.?

A

depresses lower jaw/lip, angle of mouth; wrinkles skin of neck

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12
Q

What innervates the sternocleidomastoid m.?

A

spinal accessory n. (CN XI)

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13
Q

What is the origin of the sternocleidomastoid m.?

A

manubrium and medial 1/3 of clavicle

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14
Q

What is the action of the sternocleidomastoid m.?

A

singly turns face toward opposite side; together flex head, raise thorax

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15
Q

What innervates the anterior belly of digastric m.?

A

n. to mylohyoid (CN V3)

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16
Q

What innervates the posterior belly of digastric m.?

A

facial n.

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17
Q

What innervates the mylohyoid m.?

A

n. to mylohyoid m. (CN V3)

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18
Q

What innervates the stylohyoid m.?

A

facial n.

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19
Q

What innervates the gleniohyoid m.?

A

C1 via hypoglossal n. (CN XII)

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20
Q

What muscles are innervated by ansa cervicalis?

A

omohyoid m., sternohyoid m., sternothyroid m.

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21
Q

What innervates the thyrohyoid m.?

A

C1 via hypoglossal n. (CN XII)

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22
Q

What branch of the external carotid artery arises below the level of the greater horn of the hyoid bone?

A

Superior thyroid a.

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23
Q

What does the superior thyroid a give off?

A

superior laryngeal a.

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24
Q

What branch of the external carotid artery arises at the level of the tip of the greater horn of the hyoid bone?

A

Lingual a.

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25
Q

What branch of the external carotid artery above the lingual artery; ascend forward, deep to the post. belly of digastric?

A

Facial a.

26
Q

What branch of the external carotid artery arises from the posterior surface; ascends between internal carotid a. and wall of pharynx?

A

Ascending pharyngeal a.

27
Q

What branch of the external carotid artery arises from the posterior surface above the hyoid?

A

Occipital a.

28
Q

What branch of the external carotid artery arises from the posterior surface above the posterior belly digastric?

A

Posterior auricular a.

29
Q

What branch of the external carotid artery arises behind the neck of the mandible; larger terminal branch?

A

Maxillary a. (terminal branch)

30
Q

What branch of the external carotid artery arises behind the neck of the mandible; smaller terminal branch?

A

Superficial temporal a. (terminal branch)

31
Q

What is the cervical plexus formed by?

A

ventral primary rami of C1-C4

32
Q

What are the motor branches of ansa cervicalis (a–>p)

A

n. to omohyoid m. (superior belly), n. to sternothyroid m., n. to sternohyoid m., n. to omohyoid m. (inferior belly)

33
Q

What are the sensory branches of the cervical plexus?

A

great auricular n., transverse cervical n., supraclavicular n.

34
Q

Superficial cervical nodes lie along the … in the ant. triangle and receive lymphatics from anterior neck.

A

anterior jugular vein

35
Q

Superior deep cervical nodes lie along the …

A

interior jugular v. in the carotid triangle

36
Q

Efferents drain to the deep cervical nodes to form the jugular trunk, emptying into the … on the left.

A

thoracic duct

37
Q

Where does the jugular trunk empty on the right?

A

junction of the internal jugular v. and subclavian v.

38
Q

Anterior border of posterior cervical triangle

A

posterior margin of SCM m.

39
Q

Posterior border of posterior cervical triangle

A

anterior margin of trapezius m.

40
Q

Inferior border of posterior cervical triangle

A

middle 1/3 of clavicle

41
Q

Roof of the posterior cervical triangle

A

platysma m. and investing layer of deep cervical fascia

42
Q

Floor of the posterior cervical triangle

A

splenius cervicis m., levator scapulae m., and scalenius mm.

43
Q

What is the 1st branch of the thyrocervical trunk, that passes in from of the ant. scalene m.?

A

suprascapular a.

44
Q

What is the 2nd branch from thyrocervical trunk?

A

transverse cervical a.

45
Q

What is the path of the transverse cervical a. once it leaves the posterior cervical triangle?

A

Passes in front of the phrenic n. on the ant. scalene m.; dives deep to the trapezius m.

46
Q

Where is the phrenic n. found?

A

descending on anterior scalene m.

47
Q

What is the relationship of the dorsal scapular n. with the scalene mm?

A

emerges from behind the anterior scalene m.

48
Q

What does the dorsal scapular n innervate?

A

levator scapulae m.

49
Q

What is the relationship of the long thoracic n. to the scalene mm.?

A

pierces middle scalene m.

50
Q

What sensory n. of the posterior cervical triangle, ascends along post. margin of SCM m.; innervates scalp behind auricle?

A

lesser occipital n. (C2)

51
Q

What sensory n. of the posterior cervical triangle, ascends on SCM m. toward inferior margin of pinna?

A

Great auricular n. (C2-C3)

52
Q

What sensory n. of the posterior cervical triangle, crosses over SCM toward midline of ant. cervical triangle?

A

transverse cervical n. (C2-C3)

53
Q

What sensory n. of the posterior cervical triangle, innervates skin over clavicle and shoulder?

A

Supraclavicular n. (C3-C4)

54
Q

Where is the nerve point of the neck?

A

lies along the post. margin of the SCM, approx. at the superior and middle 1/3 of the muscle

55
Q

What is the innervation of the splenius captious m.?

A

dorsal primary rami C2-C6

56
Q

What is the innervation of the levator scapulae m.?

A

nn. to levator scapulae (C3-C4), d. scapular n.

57
Q

What is the innervation of the scalenus ant. m.?

A

C5-C8

58
Q

What is the innervation of the scalenus medius m.?

A

C5-C8

59
Q

What is the innervation of the scalenus post. m.?

A

C6-C8

60
Q

What is the action of the splenius captious m.?

A

extends neck and head

Gross Anatomy (25 decks)

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