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Gross Anatomy > 2.5 Scapular & Pectoral Regions > Flashcards

2.5 Scapular & Pectoral Regions Flashcards

1
Q

What forms the girdle of the upper limb?

A

clavicle and scapula

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2
Q

The head of the humerus articulates with the … of the scapula

A

glenoid cavity

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3
Q

The inter tubercular groove is between the tubercles and holds the tendon of the …

A

long head of the biceps brachia m.

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4
Q

“V” shaped roughened area on lateral aspect of mid shaft of humerus where deltoid m. inserts

A

Deltoid tuberosity

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5
Q

What muscle does elevation action at pectoral girdle?

A

levator scapulae

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6
Q

What muscle does depression action at pectoral girdle?

A

Trapezius

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7
Q

What muscle does protraction (abduction) action at pectoral girdle?

A

Pectoralis minor

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8
Q

What muscle does retraction (adduction) action at pectoral girdle?

A

Rhomboid major and minor

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9
Q

What muscle does lateral rotation (upward) action at pectoral girdle?

A

Trapezius

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10
Q

What muscle does medial rotation (downward) action at pectoral girdle?

A

Rhomboid major and minor

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11
Q

What muscle does flexion at the glenohumeral joint?

A

Deltoid (anterior fibers)

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12
Q

What muscle does extension at the glenohumeral joint?

A

Deltoid (posterior fibers), latissimus dorsi

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13
Q

What muscle does abduction at the glenohumeral joint?

A

Deltoid (middle fibers) , supraspinatus (initiates first 15 degrees)

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14
Q

What muscle does adduction at the glenohumeral joint?

A

Pectorals major, latissimus doors, theres major

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15
Q

What muscle does medial rotation at the glenohumeral joint?

A

Subscapularis, teres major, deltoid (anterior fibers)

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16
Q

What is the main source of arterial blood for the upper limb?

A

subclavian artery

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17
Q

The subclavian artery gives rise to several branches including the … which supplies muscles of the scapula via … and … arteries

A

thyrocervical trunk (supra scapular and transverse cervical arteries)

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18
Q

The subclavian artery becomes the … as it crosses the lateral border of the first rib.

A

axillary artery

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19
Q

What nerve innervates the trapezius?

A

spinal accessory n.

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20
Q

What nerve innervates the latissimus dorsi?

A

Thoracodorsal n.

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21
Q

What nerve innervates the levator scapulae?

A

dorsal scapular n.

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22
Q

What nerve innervates the rhomboid minor?

A

dorsal scapular n.

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23
Q

What nerve innervates the rhomboid major?

A

dorsal scapular n.

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24
Q

What is the innervation of the pectoralis major m?

A

medial and lateral pectoral nerves

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25
Q

What is the action of the pectoralis major m?

A

adducts and medially rotates humerus, flexes humerus

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26
Q

Proximal attachment of pectoralis major m?

A

clavicular head and sternocostal head

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27
Q

What is the distal attachment of the pectoralis major m?

A

lateral lip of inter tubercular sulcus of humerus

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28
Q

What is the innervation of the pectoralis minor m?

A

medial pectoral n.

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29
Q

What is the action of pectoralis minor m?

A

protracts, depresses, stabilizes scapula

30
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the pectoralis minor m?

A

ribs 3-5

31
Q

What is the distal attachment of the pectoralis minor muscle?

A

coracoid process of scapula

32
Q

What is the innervation of the subclavius m?

A

nerve to subclavius

33
Q

What is the action of the subclavius muscle?

A

anchors and depresses clavicle

34
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the subclavius m?

A

junction of 1st rib and its costal cartilage

35
Q

What is the distal attachment of the subclavius m?

A

inferior surface of middle third of clavicle

36
Q

A clavicular fracture may result in injury to …

A

brachial plexus

37
Q

Clavicular fracture may sever … leading to fatal hemorrhage or thromboembolism.

A

subclavian v.

38
Q

What is the innervation of the serrates anterior m?

A

long thoracic n

39
Q

What is the action of the serrates anterior m?

A

protracts scapula; rotates scapula

40
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the serrates anterior m?

A

ribs 1-8

41
Q

What is the distal attachment of the serrates anterior m?

A

anterior surface of medial border of scapula

42
Q

Winged scapula is the common cause in … paralysis?

A

serrates anterior m

43
Q

Winged scapula is dues to a lesion of the …

A

long thoracic n.

44
Q

What are the muscles of the “rotator cuff”?

A

supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis

45
Q

What is the innervation of the Deltoid m?

A

axillary nerve

46
Q

What is the action of the Deltoid m?

A

Flexes and medially rotates arm, abducts arm, extends and laterally rotates arm

47
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the Deltoid m?

A

lateral clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula (posteriorly)

48
Q

What is the distal attachment of the Deltoid m?

A

deltoid tuberosity of humerus

49
Q

What is commonly damaged with fracture of the surgical neck of humerus?

A

axillary nerve and posterior humeral circumflex a

50
Q

Axillary nerve injury may result in … atrophy, loss of sensation in skin of shoulder, and weakness

A

deltoid m

51
Q

What is the innervation of the Supraspinatus m?

A

suprascapular n

52
Q

What is the action of the Supraspinatus m?

A

initiates and assists deltoid in abduction of arm

53
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the Supraspinatus m?

A

Supraspinous fossa of scapula

54
Q

What is the distal attachment of the Supraspinatus m?

A

greater tubercle of humerus

55
Q

What is the innervation of the Infraspinatus m?

A

supra scapular n

56
Q

What is the action of the Infraspinatus m?

A

lateral rotation of arm

57
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the Infraspinatus m?

A

infraspinous fossa of scapula

58
Q

What is the distal attachment of the Infraspinatus m?

A

greater tubercle of humerus

59
Q

What is the innervation of the Teres minor m?

A

axillary nerve

60
Q

What is the action of the Teres minor m?

A

lateral rotation of arm

61
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the Teres minor m?

A

lateral border of scapula

62
Q

What is the distal attachment of the Teres minor m?

A

greater tubercle of humerus

63
Q

What is the innervation of the Subscapularis m?

A

upper and lower subscapular nerves

64
Q

What is the action of the Subscapularis m?

A

medially rotates and adducts arm

65
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the Subscapularis m?

A

subscapular fossa of scapula

66
Q

What is the distal attachment of the Subscapularis m?

A

lesser tubercle of humerus

67
Q

What is the innervation of the Teres major m?

A

lower subscapular n

68
Q

What is the action of the Teres major m?

A

adducts and medially rotates arm

69
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the Teres major m?

A

inferior angle of scapula

70
Q

What is the distal attachment of the Teres major m?

A

medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Gross Anatomy (25 decks)

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