2.1 Celiac Trunk & Targets Flashcards
Where does the celiac trunk branch off the abdominal aorta?
Immediately below aortic hiatus of diaphragm
The arterial supply to the esophagus is the esophageal a. via the …
L gastric a. (from celiac trunk)
The esophageal vein drains into…
either inferiorly into gastric v. –> hepatic portal v. OR superiorly into azygos system (systemic –> VC)
exit from the stomach to the duodenum is guarded by the …
pyloric sphincter
What are the branches off the celiac trunk?
Splenic a., L gastric a. and Common hepatic a.
the right gastric a. supplies part of the lesser curvature of the stomach via the …
Common hepatic a. or proper hepatic a.
What artery supplies the fundus of the stomach?
short gastric a. via splenic a.
What artery supplies the greater curvature of the stomach?
L and R gastro-omental a.
What gives off the L gastro-omental a?
splenic a
What gives of the R gastro-omental a?
gastroduodenal a.
Where do the L and R gastric veins drain into after draining the lesser curvature of the stomach?
directly into the hepatic portal v.
Where does the L gastro-omental v. drain into?
splenic v.
Where does the R gastro-omental v. drain into?
Superior mesenteric v.
Peptic ulcers lead to a risk of wall perforation and damage to what nearby structures?
Pancreas and splenic a.
protrusion of portion of the stomach superiorly through esophageal hiatus
Hiatial hernia
At what level of ribs is the spleen?
ribs 9-12
What is the role of the spleen?
lymphatic organ, and also recycles heme from RBCs
What are the metabolic functions of the liver?
stores glycogen, and produces bile
The liver is suspended from the diaphragm by…
coronary ligament
The liver is anchored to the anterior wall by …
falciform ligament
What lobe of the liver is inferior and between the round ligament and the gallbladder?
quadrate
What lobe of the liver is superior and between the ligament venosum and the IVC?
caudate
in adults this represents remnants of fetal shunt & links ligament teres (round ligament of the liver) with IVC
Ligamentum venosum
Short hepatic veins drain the liver posteriorly into …
IVC
The hepatic portal v is primarily a merger of what 2 veins?
splenic and superior mesenteric v.
The hepatic portal v is formed by what major unpaired veins from the foregut?
splenic v. and gastric vv.
The hepatic portal v is formed by what major vein from the midgut?
SMV
The hepatic portal v is formed by what major vein from the hindgut?
IMV
What are the veins of the collateral pathways that will reverse their flow from the hepatic portal v. to the IVC, if flow to the liver is compromised?
esophageal vv, paraumbilical vv. colic vv. and rectal vv.
Blockage of BF into the liver increases pressure upstream, forcing blood into portal-systemic anastomoses, causing what?
portal hypertension
portal hypertension leads to dangerous pressure in small vessels, what is this common side effect?
esophageal varices
Increased BP in visceral capillary beds = edema, leads to fluid builds up in peritoneal cavity, can lead to peritonitis, and renal failure, this is known as…
Ascites
Blood processed by the liver collects in …
3 short hepatic veins and drains into IVC
R and L hepatic ducts merge to form?
common hepatic duct
Common hepatic duct merges with …. to form …
cystic duct (from gallbladder) to form common bile duct
Common bile duct merges with … at the hepatopancreatic ampulla
main pancreatic duct
Where does the common bile duct and main pancreatic duct merge?
hepatopancreatic ampulla
What causes bile to backup through cystic duct and fill the gallbladder?
closure of sphincter at major duodenal papilla
What artery (off of what a.) supplies the gallbladder?
cystic a. (branch of R. hepatic a.)
General flow of the lymphatics from the lateral foregut is into what lymph nodes?
splenic lymph nodes (left) and pyloric lymph nodes (right)
All lymphatics of the foregut collect in …
celiac nodes (at base of celiac trunk)
lymphatics flow superiorly into …, which collects all lymphatics inferior to the diaphragm
cisterna chyli (start of thoracic duct)
PSNS: vagal trunks (from each vagus n) supply ….
foregut and midgut
PSNS: preganglionic fibers from the lateral grey horn of the sacral (S2-S4) spinal cord via. what nerve supply hindgut
pelvic splanchnic n.
preganglionic sympathetic fibers leave the sympathetic trunk to form …
thoracic or lumbar splanchnic nerves
thoracic or lumbar splanchnic nerves synapse with …
prevertebral ganglia
visceral afferent fibers (sensory) follow sympathetic pathways retrograde through pre vertebral ganglia up thoracic or lumbar splanchnic nerves to spinal segments, therefore pain is typically …
poorly localized across broad dermatomes
