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Gross Anatomy > 2.1 Celiac Trunk & Targets > Flashcards

2.1 Celiac Trunk & Targets Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the celiac trunk branch off the abdominal aorta?

A

Immediately below aortic hiatus of diaphragm

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2
Q

The arterial supply to the esophagus is the esophageal a. via the …

A

L gastric a. (from celiac trunk)

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3
Q

The esophageal vein drains into…

A

either inferiorly into gastric v. –> hepatic portal v. OR superiorly into azygos system (systemic –> VC)

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4
Q

exit from the stomach to the duodenum is guarded by the …

A

pyloric sphincter

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5
Q

What are the branches off the celiac trunk?

A

Splenic a., L gastric a. and Common hepatic a.

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6
Q

the right gastric a. supplies part of the lesser curvature of the stomach via the …

A

Common hepatic a. or proper hepatic a.

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7
Q

What artery supplies the fundus of the stomach?

A

short gastric a. via splenic a.

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8
Q

What artery supplies the greater curvature of the stomach?

A

L and R gastro-omental a.

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9
Q

What gives off the L gastro-omental a?

A

splenic a

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10
Q

What gives of the R gastro-omental a?

A

gastroduodenal a.

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11
Q

Where do the L and R gastric veins drain into after draining the lesser curvature of the stomach?

A

directly into the hepatic portal v.

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12
Q

Where does the L gastro-omental v. drain into?

A

splenic v.

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13
Q

Where does the R gastro-omental v. drain into?

A

Superior mesenteric v.

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14
Q

Peptic ulcers lead to a risk of wall perforation and damage to what nearby structures?

A

Pancreas and splenic a.

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15
Q

protrusion of portion of the stomach superiorly through esophageal hiatus

A

Hiatial hernia

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16
Q

At what level of ribs is the spleen?

A

ribs 9-12

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17
Q

What is the role of the spleen?

A

lymphatic organ, and also recycles heme from RBCs

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18
Q

What are the metabolic functions of the liver?

A

stores glycogen, and produces bile

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19
Q

The liver is suspended from the diaphragm by…

A

coronary ligament

20
Q

The liver is anchored to the anterior wall by …

A

falciform ligament

21
Q

What lobe of the liver is inferior and between the round ligament and the gallbladder?

A

quadrate

22
Q

What lobe of the liver is superior and between the ligament venosum and the IVC?

A

caudate

23
Q

in adults this represents remnants of fetal shunt & links ligament teres (round ligament of the liver) with IVC

A

Ligamentum venosum

24
Q

Short hepatic veins drain the liver posteriorly into …

A

IVC

25
Q

The hepatic portal v is primarily a merger of what 2 veins?

A

splenic and superior mesenteric v.

26
Q

The hepatic portal v is formed by what major unpaired veins from the foregut?

A

splenic v. and gastric vv.

27
Q

The hepatic portal v is formed by what major vein from the midgut?

A

SMV

28
Q

The hepatic portal v is formed by what major vein from the hindgut?

A

IMV

29
Q

What are the veins of the collateral pathways that will reverse their flow from the hepatic portal v. to the IVC, if flow to the liver is compromised?

A

esophageal vv, paraumbilical vv. colic vv. and rectal vv.

30
Q

Blockage of BF into the liver increases pressure upstream, forcing blood into portal-systemic anastomoses, causing what?

A

portal hypertension

31
Q

portal hypertension leads to dangerous pressure in small vessels, what is this common side effect?

A

esophageal varices

32
Q

Increased BP in visceral capillary beds = edema, leads to fluid builds up in peritoneal cavity, can lead to peritonitis, and renal failure, this is known as…

A

Ascites

33
Q

Blood processed by the liver collects in …

A

3 short hepatic veins and drains into IVC

34
Q

R and L hepatic ducts merge to form?

A

common hepatic duct

35
Q

Common hepatic duct merges with …. to form …

A

cystic duct (from gallbladder) to form common bile duct

36
Q

Common bile duct merges with … at the hepatopancreatic ampulla

A

main pancreatic duct

37
Q

Where does the common bile duct and main pancreatic duct merge?

A

hepatopancreatic ampulla

38
Q

What causes bile to backup through cystic duct and fill the gallbladder?

A

closure of sphincter at major duodenal papilla

39
Q

What artery (off of what a.) supplies the gallbladder?

A

cystic a. (branch of R. hepatic a.)

40
Q

General flow of the lymphatics from the lateral foregut is into what lymph nodes?

A

splenic lymph nodes (left) and pyloric lymph nodes (right)

41
Q

All lymphatics of the foregut collect in …

A

celiac nodes (at base of celiac trunk)

42
Q

lymphatics flow superiorly into …, which collects all lymphatics inferior to the diaphragm

A

cisterna chyli (start of thoracic duct)

43
Q

PSNS: vagal trunks (from each vagus n) supply ….

A

foregut and midgut

44
Q

PSNS: preganglionic fibers from the lateral grey horn of the sacral (S2-S4) spinal cord via. what nerve supply hindgut

A

pelvic splanchnic n.

45
Q

preganglionic sympathetic fibers leave the sympathetic trunk to form …

A

thoracic or lumbar splanchnic nerves

46
Q

thoracic or lumbar splanchnic nerves synapse with …

A

prevertebral ganglia

47
Q

visceral afferent fibers (sensory) follow sympathetic pathways retrograde through pre vertebral ganglia up thoracic or lumbar splanchnic nerves to spinal segments, therefore pain is typically …

A

poorly localized across broad dermatomes

Gross Anatomy (25 decks)

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