406 exam 1 last min review Flashcards
serum CO2 is also a measure of what
HCO3
arterial BG: pH
7.35
arterial BG: PaCO2
the partial pressure of CO2 in artery
35-45
arterial BG: HCO3
calculated value
24-29
venous BG: pH
7.31-7.41
arterial BG: PvCO2
the partial pressure of CO2 in vein
41-51
BMP: serum CO2
= HCO3 level
24-29
strong acids
dissociate completely in solution
weak acids
dissociate partially
hydrogen is important bc
-maintains cell membranes
-helps w/ enzyme activity
-H2O
-helps in energy production
where is the most acidic place in the body
the stomach d/t the presents of HCl
how does the body keep HCl in the stomach and why can it withstand it
-LES prevents the movement of gastric acid into the esophagus
-duodenum has defense mechanisms like mucus production to neutralize the acid
bone pH
7.4
liver pH
7.2
pleural fluid pH
7.6
skeletal muscle pH
6.9-7.2
acid base balance can affect what electrolytes
Na+, K+, Cl-
what can acid base balance affect
-lytes
-hormones
-oxygen transport and delivery
end diastolic volume
volume of blood at the end of relaxation
end systolic volume
residual volume of blood remaining the ventricle after ejection
SV equation
SV = EDV - ESV
frank starling law
an increase in resting muscle fiber length results in great muscle tension
-the heart has the ability to change its force of contraction in response to changes in venous return
hydrostatic pressure
a force that attempts to push fluid out of the capillary pores and into the interstitial & intracellular spaces
pushing pressure
oncotic pressure
a force that attempts to pull fluid from the interstitial and intracellular spaces into the capillary
pulling pressure
