404. Zoonoses, mosquito borne diseases, vector diseases, viral heamorrhagic fever

Question 1

Discuss the symtpoms of a dengue infection?

Answer 1

Headache and retro-orbital pain
myalgia, arthlraglia, tourniquet test (indices rash)
mucousal bleeding, hepatomegaly, res[iratory distress, shock

Question 2

How is dengue fever managed

Answer 2

Supportive transfusions with crystalloids

Transfusion if heamtocrit low

Question 3

How does chickungunya present?

Answer 3

Fever, polyarhtlagia

symmetrical can be severe, persistant

headachem myalgia, maculopapular rash

Question 4

How does yellow fever present?

Answer 4

fever, headache, myalgia, anorexia

bradycardia, epigastric pain, jaundice, AKI, cardiac instability and bleeding

Question 5

What birth defects does the zika virus cause?

Answer 5

Microcephaly

Intracranial calfication

Eye pathology

Redundant scalp skin

Question 6

What is elephantiasis?

Answer 6

Parasitic worm infection causisng lymph damage and causing massive lymphoedema. Best treatment is prevention

Question 7

What are the stages of lyme’s disease?

Answer 7

early localised-erythema migrans, lymohadenopathy, fever, malaise

early disseminated- red plaque/ nodule, meningitis, ataxia

Late dissemianted- focal inflammation, lyme arthritis

Question 8

How do you treat lyme’s disease?

Answer 8

Doxycline

Neuro disease- ceftriaxone or IV benzylpenicillin

arthritis: dox or amox or ceftrioxane

Question 9

Rickesettial disease in endemic in nirth america known as rocky mountain disease or typhus. Discuss the sympotms?

Answer 9

Fever, headache, tiredness, lymphadenopathy

Maculopapular rash, N and V, myalgia.

Possibly life threatening, treat with dox

Question 10

What is leishmaniasis?

Answer 10

Cutaneous- most common form ulceration

Mucocutaneous- leads to tissue destruction

Visceral leishmaniasis- fever, weight loss, hepatosplenomegaly.

Question 11

How is leishmaniasis treated?

Answer 11

Liposomal aphotericin, oral miltefosine

Question 12

What are the symptoms of sleeping sickness (HAT)

Answer 12

Sleep cycle distrubance, lymphadenopathy, headache, arryhtmias, low grade fever.

Question 13

What is chagas?

Answer 13

Skin lesion
headahce
myalgia, lymphadenopathy

Dilated cardiomyopathy, mega oesophagus, mega-colon

Question 14

Discuss the presentation of anthrax?

Answer 14

cutaneous and inhalatory reaction

rare GI reaction

Question 15

How do you treat anthrax?

Answer 15

Ciprofloxacin and Clindamycin

Anti-anthrax antibodies

Question 16

What are the symptoms of heamorrhagic fevers?

Answer 16

Severe multi-organ damage that causes endothelial damageand impairs homeostasis

Heamorrhage contitutes the disease and may be life threatening`

Question 17

How do you treat ebola?

Answer 17

Fluid resus

Correct electrolytes

Monoclonal antibodies