251. The pituitary gland

Question 1

Discuss the antomomy of the hypothalmus and pituitary gland

Answer 1

Located at the base of the brain below the thalamus.
Connected to the pituitary via a stalk (infundibulum)

pituitary is a bean shaped gland in a pocket of the sphenoid bone. Contains two segments anterior and posterior pituitary

Question 2

Discuss the various hormones released by each part of the hypothalmic-pituitary axis

Answer 2

Hypothalmus- neurohormones

post. pituitary- neurohormones via the pituitary
ant. pituitary- endocrine hormones

Question 3

What is meant by tropic or non tropic transport?

Answer 3

How the hypothalmus releases its neurohormones

tropic- from hypothalmus to capillaries that affect the ant. pituitary
Non-tropic- neurohormones produced in the hypothalamus travel to posterior pituitary through neurons

Question 4

What inputs does the hypothalmus recieve before it releases its neurohormones?

Answer 4

Cold, Stress, metabolic demand
Hydration, exercise, day/night
Mentrual cycle, sleep
breastfeeding, pregananc, puberty

Question 5

What are the 7 hormones released from the hypothalmus

Answer 5

Thyrotropin releasing hormone
Corticotropin releasing hormone
Growth hormone releasing hormone
gonadotropin releasing hormone
prolactin releasing hormone
growth hormone releasing hormone
Dopamine (prolactin inhibiting hormone)

Question 6

What hormones are released from the anterior pituitary?

Answer 6

Thyroid stimulating hormone
Adrenocorticotrphic hormone
Follicle stimulating hormone
Luteinising hormone
Growth hormone
Prolactin

Question 7

What two hormones does the posterior pituitary release?

Answer 7

Vasopressin (ADH)

Oxytocin