4. UTI Flashcards
What is a UTI
Bacteria in the urine causing symptoms
What are the various locations of a UTI?
Lower UTI- bladder/cystitis
Upper UTI- pyelonephritis
Abacterial cystitis/urethral syndrome- diagnosis of exclusion
Urethritis
What are the classifications of UTI?
UnComplicated- normal renal structure and function
Complicated- structural/functional abnormality
What are some risk factors for a UTI?
Sexual activity, incontinence, dehydration, obstruction Infection Pregnancy
How does symptomology help differentiate the type of UTI?
Cystitis- frequency, dysuria, urgency, suprapubic pain, polyuria, haematuria
Pyelonephritis- fever, rigor, vomiting, loin pain/tenderness, costovertebral pain
Prostatitis- perineal pain, fever, malaise, urinary symptoms, tender or swollen prostate
What tests can be done for a UTI?
Dipstick- used in non pregnant women with less than 3 symptoms
Culture- good test for all
Blood tests- systemically unwell
Imaging- persistant UTI/ heamaturia
What are the common causative organisms in a UTI?
Anaerobes and gram negative bacteria from bowel and vaginal flora
E.coli- main
Staphylococcus saprophyticus
Proteus mirabalis-
Klesiella pneumonia-
What is the antibiotic options for an uncomplicated UTI in men and woman
Trimethoprim or nitrofuratonin 3 days
Men as above but 7 day treatment course
What are the antibiotic guidelines for a pregnant woman with a UTI
Nitrofuratoin (avoid in 3rd trimester)
Trimethoprim (avoid in 1st trimester)
Cefalexin if unsuitable
What are the guidelines for a complicated UTI?
Co-amox or co-trimox 7-14 day
Second line ciprofloxin
What are the guidelines for severe UTI e.g. urosepsis/pyelonephritis
7 days Amox and gent
If penicillin allergy then ciprofloxin
