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ANIMAL INF.DISEASES 2-part 3 > 4. DOGS: Canine distemper (CDV) (PARAMYXOVIRUS) > Flashcards

4. DOGS: Canine distemper (CDV) (PARAMYXOVIRUS) Flashcards

PENIKKA TAUTI

1
Q

disease

A

-contagious disease of Canids

-Canine Distemper Virus (CDV)

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2
Q

caused by

A

Paramyxovirus

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3
Q

characterized by

A

systemic and neurologic disease

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4
Q

agent

A

-canine distemper virus (CDV)

-genus: Morbillivirus

-family: Paramyxoviridae

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5
Q

certain strains are more

A

-virulent and neurotropic

> Snyder Hill strain-polioencephalomyelitis

> A75/17 and R252 strains-CNS demyelination

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6
Q

highly

A

CONTAGIOUS

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7
Q

sensitive to

A

-UV light

-heat

-drying

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8
Q

HR

A

-dogs
>other species from order Canidae- coyote, dingo, wolf, fox
>ferrets , mink, skunk, raccoon, panda
>some members of order Felidae-lion, cheetah, jaguar, margay, ocelot

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9
Q

especially susceptibility

A

URBAN or SUBURBAN dogs between 3-6 months of age

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10
Q

more common in

A

-dolichocephalic breeds vs. bradycephalic breeds

> also higher mortality rates

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11
Q

risk factors

A

-inadequate vaccination

-exposure to animals with clinical or subclinical dz

-transplacental transmission

-exposure to vaccinated but immunocompromised animals to an infected animal

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12
Q

MM

A

-high morbidity

-variable mortality

-full recovery from CDV in young animals is uncommon, but likely produces lifelong immunity

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13
Q

transmission: excretion

A

-RESPIRATORY SECRETIONS

-urine

-feces

-nasal

-ocular secretions

-skin

> shedding begins by 7th day after infection; may continue for less than 90 days

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14
Q

way of transmission

A

-aerosols

-direct contact

-fomites

-in utero

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15
Q

transmission: route

A

-respiratory

-transplacental

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16
Q

subclinical to mild dz is probably

A

most common

17
Q

CS: Generalized distemper

A

-initial signs: RESPIRATORY infection followed by GI SIGNS and often CNS SIGNS

-CNS signs may manifest concomitant (same time) with or after resolution of respiratory and GI signs

18
Q

CS: Systemic/generalized disease

A

-fever

-ocular signs-keratitis, conjunctivitis, uveitis

-loud breath sounds on auscultation

-dehydration

-cachexia

-poor hair coat

-dental abnormalities : in dogs that survive neonatal infection
> dental enamel hypoplasia, tooth impaction, oligodontia

> Chewing-gum seizures: vigorous repetitive opening and closing of the mouth

19
Q

CS: Neurologic disease

A

-signs indicative of encephalitis or encephalomyelitis

> seizures: chewing - gum seizures

> vestibular signs

> cerebellar signs/hypermetria

> paresis

> Chewing-gum seizures: vigorous repetitive opening and closing of the mouth

-myoclonus when disease progresses

> rhythmic twitching of head , neck or one or more limbs

-optic neuritis and chorioretinitis

20
Q

CS: systemic (kehon laajuisesti) and neurologic signs are not

A

-always present at same time

> more often neurologic dz occurs 1-3 weeks after recovery from systemic signs

21
Q

CS: Old-dog encephalitis (ODE)

A

-persistent CDV infection of CNS gray matter

> ataxia, compulsive movement (head progressing or continual pacing), uncoordinated hyper metric gait

> no systemic signs

22
Q

CS: In utero infection

A

-abortions and stillbirths

-puppies that survive transplacental infection can develop neurologic signs by 6 weeks of age and often have lifelong immunodeficiency

23
Q

CS: in utero infection : clinical signs usually

A

-severe

> secondary bacterial infections common

24
Q

CS: in utero infection : dogs with adequate immunity

A

do not develop CS , and they clear virus within 14 days post infection

25
Q

CS: in utero infection: dogs with INadequate immunity

A

develop mild to severe systemic signs and frequently develop CNS signs

26
Q

CS: in utero infection: development of CNS signs

A

is most important negative prognosis factor

27
Q

DDx (3)

A

-canine infectious tracheobronchitis (kennel cough)

-canine parvoviral enteritis

-other CNS diseases of young dogs

28
Q

diagnosis: suspect when

A

-oculonasal discharge

-vomiting and / or diarrhea with or without recent onset of clinical signs in young, unvaccinated dog

> older dogs: signs consistent with infectious tracheobronchitis

29
Q

diagnosis: material

A

-blood

-CSF (cerebrospinal fluid)

-tonsils, LNs, GI epithelium, spleen, urinary bladder, brain

30
Q

diagnosis: in the lab

A

-serology -antibodies
>serum and CSF

-fluorescent antibody testing

-PCR

-immunofluorescence for post mortem testing

31
Q

Tx

A

-supportive care

-ABs of secondary bacterial infections

-anticonvulsants to control seizures

32
Q

prevention

A

vaccination

33
Q

affected dogs should be

A

-isolated from other hospital patients

-wear protective gear to prevent transmission to other dogs

> isolation for at least 2 weeks

ANIMAL INF.DISEASES 2-part 3 (20 decks)

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