4. DOGS: Brucellosis (Brucella canis) B.CANIS Flashcards
BRUSELLOOSI
disease
-contagious disease of dogs
-brucellosis
caused by
Brucella canis
characterized by
reproductive failure
agent
-agent: Brucella canis (BRUCELLA CANIS)
-gram -
-facultatively intracellular
other Brucella species that can affect dogs (3)
- B.abortus
- B. melitensis
- B. suis
can remain viable
for months in conditions of high humidity, low temperatures and no sunlight
readily killed by
most commonly available disinfectants
HR
dogs
zoonotic?
YES !!!!
affects
sexually mature canines, no gender predisposition (molemmat sukupuolet)
more common in
stray/feral dogs (=kodittomat ja villiintyneet koirat
where
worldwide distribution
risk factors
housing or breeding with infected animals
death is
rare
most affected by death
fetuses and neonates
transmission: excretion
-vaginal discharge (following abortion)
-urine
-milk
-semen
-prostatic fluid
-vaginal fluid durin estrus
-lochia (signs) of parturition
ways of transmission
-direct contact
-venereal
-fomites
-in utero
transmission: route
-alimentary (ingestion)
or
- through MM
> oral cavity
conjunctiva
nasal tissue
penis or vaginal vault (emätin)
IP
2-3 WEEKS
CS: female
-failure to conceive
-abortion at 45-55 days of gestation, possible with no other signs
-birth of stillborn, partially autolyzed, or weak pups
-persistent, highly infective mucopurulent or serosanguineous vulvar discharge for 1-6 weeks of postpartum (limapurskuttelu tai verta sisältävä vuoto)
-placentitis and metritis (istukan tulehdus, kohtutulehdus)
CS: male
-scrotal swelling
-decreased libido
-back pain
-testicular atrophy (chronic infections)
-poor semen quality
-epididymal inflammation
CS: EITHER GENDER
-lymphadenopathy
-signs of recurrent uveitis (toistuva silmätulehdus)
-lameness
-paraspinal pain with paresis or paralysis
PM
-LYMPH NODE ENLARGEMENT: >retropharyngeal, inguinal LNs
>generalized lymphadenitis
-splenomegaly=suurentunut perna- enlarged spleen
-hepatomegaly=suurentunut maksa
> males:
-scrotal dermatitis, epididymitis, scrotal edema, scrotal edema, orchitis, prostatitis, testicular atrophy and fibrosis
> females:
-metritis, vaginal discharge
> aborted puppies:
-partially autolyzed and have evidence of generalized bacterial infection
DDx
-abortion:
>B.abortus, B.suis, B.melitensis, salmonella spp, campylobacter spp., E-coli or streptococcus spp., canine herpesvirus, canine distemper or canine adenovirus, mycoplasmas, toxoplasma gondii, progesterone deficiency, hypothyroidism
-infertility/poor semen quality/azoospermia(miehen siemennesteessä ei siittiöitä):
>improper timing for breeding, subclinical uterine infection, testicular or prostatic dz
-scrotal enlargement: >orchitis(kivekset tulehtuneet), epididymitis, torsion of spermatic cord, hernia, testicular neoplasia, abscess, variocele(suonikohjuja kivespussiin), hydrocele (kivespussissa nestettä), hematoma (verta kertyy kudoksiin)
diagnosis: material
-blood
-tissue samples: LNs, bone marrow, placenta, eye, fetus
-fluids:
>semen
>lochia (lapsivuoto, emättimestä nestettä)
>urine
>milk
diagnosis: in the lab
-serology (AGID, ELISA)
>will identify positive dog FROM 8-12 week post infection UNTIL 3-4 years after achieving bacteremia
-bacterial culture: definitive!!!! LUOTETTA
>positive cultures occur 2-4 weeks post infection
-PCR
Tx
-ABs may be useful!
> combination of 2, long term ABs
> no Tx is certain to eliminate B.canis
> recrudescence (uusiutuminen) is possible, especially when stressed > euthanasia recommended
vaccine
NO
prevention
-kennels and breeding programs
>remove infected dogs
>individual caging
>repeated testing
-neuter
-wear gloves
