3. CATS: Feline infectious peritonitis-FIP (FELINE CORONAVIRUS FCoV)

Question 1

disease

Answer 1

-contagious disease of felines

-feline infectious peritonitis (FIP)

Question 2

caused by

Answer 2

feline coronavirus

Question 3

characterized by

Answer 3

-body cavity effusions(=kehon onteloon kertyy nestettä)

OR

-neurological signs

Question 4

agent, family, serotypes

Answer 4

-agent: Feline coronavirus (FCoV)

> family: Coronaviridae

> 2 serotypes : 1 and 2
EU and USA mainly serotype 1
Japan mainly serotype 2

Question 5

related to

Answer 5

-TGE virus in pigs, canine and human coronaviruses

-TGEV= transmissible gastroenteritis virus

Question 6

largest known

Answer 6

RNA

Question 7

susceptible

Answer 7

highly susceptible to mutation

Question 8

FIP virus is mutation of

Answer 8

benign FCoV

Question 9

survival

Answer 9

-does not survive in environment for long
>less 48h

> in dry environment less 6 weeks

Question 10

readily inactivated by

Answer 10

most common disinfectants

Question 11

HR

Answer 11

felines

Question 12

most widespread infectious disease of

Answer 12

cats

Question 13

mostly

Answer 13

sporadic disease

=satunnaisesti ja epäsäännöllisesti populaatiossa

Question 14

most susceptible

Answer 14

-young cats during post weaning periods

> peak age: 6 months to 2 years

Question 15

more in

Answer 15

males than females

Question 16

purebred cats: asian breeds: Birman, Himalayan

Answer 16

are most susceptible

Question 17

risk factors

Answer 17

-stress, multicat households

> FCoV widespread or even ubiquitous in multicat environments

=erittäin yleinen tai laajalle levinnyt monien kissojen populaatioissa ja ympäristöissä

Question 18

morbidity

Answer 18

-90% of cats have antibodies, but only 5% develop clinical dz

Question 19

mortality

Answer 19

95%!!

Question 20

transmission: excretion

Answer 20

-FECES

-saliva

-urine

-respiraotry secretions

Question 21

ways of transmission

Answer 21

-direct contact

-fomites (litter box)

Question 22

transmission route

Answer 22

-fecal-oral

-oronasal

or

-through saliva (e.g mutual grooming)

Question 23

forms (2)

Answer 23

-Wet form = Effusive

-Dry form = Noneffusive (OCULAR abnormalities)

Question 24

nonspecific clinical signs

Answer 24

-lethargy

-inappetence

-weight loss

Question 25

CS: EFFUSIVE (wet) form

Answer 25

-abdominal distention with palpable fluid wave -dyspnea, muffled heart sounds and muffled lung sounds >due to pleural effusion -also there might be palpable abdominal masses =neste kertyy=effusive

Question 26

CS: NONEFFUSIVE (dry) form (OCULAR)

Answer 26

-ocular abnormalities-change in iris color due to iritis/uveitis, hyphen, aqueous flare, keratin precipitates, vitreous clouding, vascular cuffing -icterus -palpable abdominal mass(es)-organomegaly > e.g. enlarged mesenteric LNs, nodules in other organs, intestinal thickening -raised intradermal pustules (non-rustic cutaneous lesions) =noneffusive=neste ei kery (kuiva)

Question 27

CS: neurologic signs

Answer 27

-ataxia -incoordination -paresis (lihasheikkous)

Question 28

DDx

Answer 28

-neoplasia (lymphoma) -lymphocytic/nonsuppurative cholangitis -pyothorax/cyclothorax = märkää rintaontelossa tai keuhkopussin sisällä on ontelo tai kysta -congestive heart failure -ocular changes: toxoplasmosis, FIV (feline immunodeficiency virus ), FeLV , systemic mycosis -hyperglobulinemia: lymphoma, multiple myeloma, chronic infection

Question 29

diagnosis: material

Answer 29

-blood -effusion (peritoneal) fluid -samples from affected tissues

Question 30

diagnosis in lab

Answer 30

-RIVALTA TEST: >8ml distilled water + 1 drop of 98% vinegar + 1 drop of effusion fluid >if drop disappears = negative >if drop stays = positive -PCR -Histopathology -Serology : >positive titers only represents exposure to FCoV, not specially FIP! > titers 1:16000 suggestive to FIP in cats showing signs of dz

Question 31

most cats with positive serologic titers

Answer 31

never develop FIP

Question 32

Tx

Answer 32

-no -provide comfort and supportive / palliative care

Question 33

Tx: acute Tx

Answer 33

-thoracocentesis -oxygen therapy -IV fluids

Question 34

TX: chronic Tx

Answer 34

-antiviral drugs -immunomodulating drugs -immune suppression drugs

Question 35

cats with effusive form generally

Answer 35

die within 2 months of onset of CS

Question 36

cats with noneffusive(DRY, OCULAR) form tend to have more

Answer 36

chronic dz course that is also generally FATAL

Question 37

prevention

Answer 37

-vaccination -optimize husbandary practices > in catteries : separate seronegative cats from seropositive > in catteries : remove kittens from positive queens and other adult cats at 5-6 week old > when possible, only seronegative cats should be added to cattery

Question 38

most cats with positive serologic titers

Answer 38

NEVER DEVELOP FIP

Question 39

stays in

Answer 39

macrophages