Histology of the Kidney

Question 1

Between the endothelial cell of the glomerular capillary and the podocytes is a crucial _____ called the filtration barrier.

Answer 1

basal lamina

Question 2

Where are principal cells found?

Answer 2

in the collecting duct

Question 3

Where are the renal tubules?

Answer 3

extend from the cortex down into the medulla

Question 3

Where does aldosterone act upon in the nephron?

Answer 3

• the DCT
• the collecting duct

Question 4

The ______ arteries run between the medullary pyramids.

Answer 4

interlobar

Question 5

Cells in the thin Loops of Henle are what type?

Answer 5

simple squamous epithelium

Question 5

Cells of the thick ascending Loop of Henle are what type?

Answer 5

cuboidal epi

Question 6

What kinds of cells comprise the DCT?

Answer 6

cuboidal epi

Question 6

Where does ADH act upon in the nephron?

Answer 6

• the DCT
• the collecting duct

Question 8

The efferent arterioles form a capillary plexus that initially surrounds tubules of the nephron within the cortex and can enter the medulla as a capillary plexus called the ______.

Answer 8

vasa recta

Question 9

Cells in the ______ are simple squamous epithelium.

Answer 9

thin Loops of Henle

Question 10

What kind of cells are found in the collecting duct?

Answer 10

• principal (clear) cells
• intercalated cells (cuboidal and columnar)

Question 10

The bladder is unique in that it contains ____ cells.

Answer 10

transitional epi

Question 11

What are the 2 main functions of the nephron?

Answer 11

• blood filtration
• selective reabsorption

Question 12

The arcuate arteries of the kidney branch into the ____ arteries.

Answer 12

interlobular

Question 13

Where is the macula densa located?

Answer 13

the DCT

Question 14

What is absorbed in the PCT?

Answer 14

• sodium
• glucose
• amino acids

Question 15

The proximal convoluted tubule is specialized in having a ______ epithelium with an extensive brush border of tall microvilli on the luminal side.

Answer 15

cuboidal

Question 16

What do the mesangial cells secrete?

Answer 16

the matrix continuous with the basal lamina

Question 18

In the interior of the glomerular capillary bed is the ______ containing made up of ______ cells.

Answer 18

mesangium (x2)

Question 19

Where are the renal corpuscles located?

Answer 19

in the renal cortex

Question 21

This part of the nephron is specialized in having a cuboidal epithelium with an extensive brush border of tall microvilli on the luminal side.

Answer 21

proximal convoluted tubule

Question 22

The interlobar arteries run between the ______.

Answer 22

medullary pyramids

Question 22

What are kidney interstitial cells?

Answer 22

other cells found outside of the tubules in the medulla and cortex

Question 23

The proximal convoluted tubule is specialized in having a cuboidal epithelium with an extensive brush border of tall ______ on the ______ side.

Answer 23

microvilli…. luminal

Question 24

On the outside of the glomerular capillaries is a special layer of cells called _____.

Answer 24

podocytes

Question 25

Between the endothelial cell of the glomerular capillary and the podocytes is a crucial basal lamina called the ______.

Answer 25

filtration barrier

Question 27

Near the medullary-cortical junction the interlobar arteries branch into _____ arteries that run roughly parallel to the outer capsule.

Answer 27

arcuate

Question 29

What is the macula densa?

Answer 29

a group of modified smooth muscle cells that monitor Cl- concentrations

Question 30

Cells of the ______ are cuboidal and active transporters of sodium.

Answer 30

thick ascending Loop of Henle

Question 31

What comprises Bowman’s capsule?

Answer 31

epithelium

Question 32

The interlobular arteries of the kidney become the _____ arteries.

Answer 32

afferent