3.2 Water Flashcards
What type of bonds are found in water?
Polar covalent bonds
Hydrogen bonds
Why is water polar?
It contains both Hydrogen and Oxygen
As Oxygen has a higher electronegativity, it attracts the shared pair of electrons more
This gives Oxygen a slight negative charge and Hydrogen a slight positive charge
Why does water have an unusually high boiling point?
The hydrogen bonds between water molecules require a lot of energy to overcome, leading to a high BP
Why is ice less dense than water?
Below 4oC, the hydrogen bonds cause the water molecules to be slightly further apart
This creates a large, rigid structure, but it is more open, so ice floats
What is cohesion?
Molecules being attracted to each other
What is adhesion?
Attraction of water molecules to other materials
What are the effects of water being adhesive and cohesive?
Water has capillary action, so it can rise up a narrow tube against the force of gravity
Why is water an effective transport medium?
Due to the cohesion between water molecules, they will stick together while travelling through the body
Why is water a good solvent?
It is a polar molecule, so many substances can dissolve in it
Why is water a good coolant?
A large amount of energy is required to overcome the hydrogen bonding
