2.6 Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Cells

Question 1

Which domain are prokaryotes part of?

Answer 1

Archaea

Question 2

Characteristics of prokaryotic organisms

Answer 2

Unicellular organisms
DNA is not found within a nucleus
Do not have membrane bound organelles

Question 3

DNA in prokaryotes

Answer 3

Usually only one chromosome, which is super coiled and compact
Genes on the chromosome are grouped into operons, so genes are switched on and off at the same time

Question 4

Ribosomes in prokaryotes

Answer 4

Prokaryotes have 70s ribosomes, but eukaryotes have 80s ribosomes

Question 5

Cell wall in prokaryotes

Answer 5

Cell wall is made of peptidoglycan or murein

Question 6

Flagella of prokaryotes

Answer 6

Thinner than eukaryotes
Does not have 9+2 arrangement
Energy for rotation of filament is supplied from chemiosmosis
Attached to the cell by a basal body and rotated by a molecular motor

Question 7

DNA in eukaryotes

Answer 7

Multiple chromosomes which are supercoiled
Associated with histone proteins (chromatin)
Genes switched on and off individually

Question 8

What is the cell wall made of in fungi?

Answer 8

Chitin

Question 9

What is the cell wall made of in plants?

Answer 9

Cellulose

Question 10

How do prokaryotes reproduce?

Answer 10

By binary fission

Question 11

How do eukaryotes reproduce?

Answer 11

Sexual or asexual