3.2 3 The evolutionary race between pathogens and medicines

Question 1

random muatation

Answer 1

giving them resistance to damage by penicillin

Question 2

race

Answer 2

can we develop a new antibiotic that they are not resistant to

Question 3

currently

Answer 3

multi-resistant strand of bacteria are growing

Question 4

sequence

Answer 4

original population includes some mutations
antibiotic taken
bacteria with resistant mutation more likely to survive
new population has a higher proportion containing the advantageous resistant mutation
antibiotic taken
only resistant bacteria survive
new population of almost entirely resistant to antibiotic apart from new mutants

Question 5

factors exacerbating problem

Answer 5

antbiotics are too widely prescribed and used
wide-spectrum antibiotics are often sued to see if have an effect rather than testing before to see if the problem is bacterial
people do not complete course of antibiotcs
some countries antbiotics widely used in the food chain
lack of basic hygiene spreading resistant bacteria
no finical incentive for pharmaceutical companies to make new antibiotics as they will be used sparingly to save them for the future

Question 6

how to overcome the resistance

Answer 6

reduce use
better eductation
reduce use in farm animals
quick test to confirm bacterial infections developed
DNA sequencing help identify and find new ways oft targeting and ge will alow large quantities to be produced