3.2 1 Evolution And Adaptation

Question 1

The theory of evolution

Answer 1

Living organisms that reproduce sexually show great variety in features
Excess offspring produced , struggle for survival , competition - not everyone makes it to reproduction
Organisms that inherit advantageous characteristics most likely to survive and pass on the desired feature to offspring
Organisms that inherit disadvantageous more likely to die before can reproduce

Question 2

Survival of the fittest

Answer 2

Fittest is the ability for an organism to survive and reproduce

Question 3

Process

Answer 3

Is natural selection

Question 4

Evolution

Answer 4

When long-term changes in an organisms that occur as a result of natural selection produce a new species
Change in the genetic composition of a population of organisms over several generations as a result of natural selection acting upon variation bring about new adaptions and in some cases new species .

Question 5

Variation result of

Answer 5

Sexual reproduction ,random mutation ,inbreeding or hybridization

Question 6

Modern statement of theory of evolution

Answer 6

Evolution of organisms occurs as a result of the differential fertility and survival of organisms with different genotypes leading to different phenotypes within a specific environment . Those alleles that deliver adaptations best suited to the environment are more likely to be passed onto the next generation

Question 7

Modern definition advantages

Answer 7

Those with a disadvantage trait may not necessarily be wiped out just less likely to reproduce . Traits value differ with environments

Question 8

Changes in a frequency of an allele in a specific population

Answer 8

Driven by changes in the environment or by organism moving to a different environment

Question 9

Successful species

Answer 9

Well adapted to its niche

Question 10

Anatomical adaptations

Answer 10

Form and structure of an organism e.g blubber

Question 11

Physiological adaptations

Answer 11

Way body of a organisms works biochemical pathways or enzymes e.g changes in muscles of deep diving mammals

Question 12

Behavioral adaptations

Answer 12

Changes to programmed or instinct behaviors making organisms better adapted for survival . E.g orinitating body towards the sun
Can include social behavior e.g hunting as a team
Includes migrating to avoid harsh conditions