304 Orthopaedics Flashcards
What are the 3 parts of long bones?
The epiphysis (top)
Metaphysis (just below)
Diaphysis (shaft)
What is the function of the periosteum?
Surrounds the bones for blood supply
Where on the bone do tendons and ligaments attach to?
The periosteum
What types of orthopaedics injuries do you see in adults compared to children?
Adults: tendons and ligaments fail before bone
Kids: bones fail first
What types of cartilage lines all joints?
Articular cartilage
What is the function of each of the muscles in the hip joint?
Flexors – iliopsoas, sartorius
Extensors – glut max, hamstrings
Abductors – glut med, glut min
Adductors – adductors
What is a sesamoid bone?
One that’s completely within tendons
What is a syndesmosis?
Ligaments that stabilise a joint
What are the key points to focus on in an orthopaedics history?
-Previous level of function
-Degree of functional loss
-Impact of loss of function
-What patient expectations of future function are
Which muscle in a common deforming force in the wrist?
Brachioradialis
What are the key parts of a clinical examination?
Look
Feel
Move
Function
Special tests
What do you ‘look’ for in an ortho exam?
D - deformities
W - wasting
A - asymmetry
R - rashes/skin changes
F - fasciculations
S - scars
Get the patient to walk
What is sublaxation?
A dislocation where there is still some contact with the articular surface
Dislocation: no contact
