302 3. Haematology (the case of the nurse asleep on her night shift) Flashcards

1
Q

What is chronic myeloid leukaemia?

A

A slow progressing cancer caused by over-proliferation of myeloid cells

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2
Q

What does a blood film for CML look like?

A

Myeloid cells at all stages of maturation

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3
Q

What is the drug hydroxycarbamide used for?

A

In CML to reduce the reduce WCC

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4
Q

What is the drug allopurinol for?

A

It reduces urate levels to reduce gout

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5
Q

Why is CML treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors?

A

These drugs target abnormal BCR-ABL1 proteins that cause uncontrolled CML cell growth and block its functions, causing CML cells to die

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6
Q

What are BCR-ABL1 proteins?

A

Proteins formed from 2 pieces of genes that get joined together

They’re present in CML, ALL, and AML

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