30. genomics

Question 1

define genomics

Answer 1

the study of genomes and genes based on DNA sequencing

Question 2

define genome

Answer 2

an organims complete set of DNA, including all of its genes

Question 3

define bioinformatics

Answer 3

computer based processing of biological information from large databases

Question 4

define metagenomics

Answer 4

the study of genetic material recovered directly from environmental samples

Question 5

how are DNA sequences analysed for the presence of genes?

Answer 5

through gene annotation.

• computer programmes find start and stop codons for translation along with intron splicing sites
• can compare DNA or protein sequences by taking the mRNA sequence to find out an expressed protein, can then check if the prediction where the introns were are correct.

Question 6

what percentage of the human genome are coding sequences (exons)?

what percentage is repetitive DNA?

Answer 6

Question 7

where would you find the intergenic region of DNA on a coding strand?

Answer 7

inbetween a start (AUG) and a stop codon which code for genes

Question 8

what is the consequence of RNA splicing in the human genome?

Answer 8

most human genes have at least two alternatively spliced mRNA transcripts due to alternative RNA splicing, so most genes code for more than one protein.