18 & 19. Mendelian Genetics

Question 1

what is medels law?

Answer 1

the law of segregation and monohybrid crosses

Question 2

define a character

Answer 2

a heritbable feature that varies among indivudals, such as flower color

Question 3

what are the 6 steps that Mendel followed for his experiments?

Answer 3

1. removed stamens from purple flowers
2. transferred pollen (sperm) of WHITE flower to egg bearing carpel of purple flower
3. waited for pollinated carpel to mature into pod
4. planted seeds from pod (F1 generation)

first generation of offspring were all purple (F1)

1. self or cross polinated purple flowers
2. created F2 generation with 3:1 ratio of purple:white

Question 4

how did gregor mendel propose his research on crossing pea plants?

Answer 4

Parental: crossed purple flower x white flower

F1: all F1 generation offspring had purple flowers

F2: the F2 generation involved a 3:1 ration of purple to white

this proves that the white trait wasnt lost in the F1 generation it was ‘hidden’ - recessive

Question 5

what are the four concepts of Mendels hypothesis?

Answer 5

1. there are alternative versions of the gene with different nucleotide sequences that lead to different proteins
2. because only one trait was found in F2 but both in F2, the F1 must contain alleles for both traits - organsims are diploid
3. the dominant allele dosent supress of counteract with the recessive allele
4. the two alleles of a gene segregate from one another during gamete formation - law of segregation

Question 6

what does a punnet square show?

Answer 6

a ossible combination of alleles in offspring that result from a F1xF1 cross