3. Osteosynthesis, methods Flashcards
What is the definition of osteosynthesis?
The reduction and fixation of a bone fracture with implantable devices (usually made of metal)
It’sa surgical procedure with either open or pecutaneous approach to the bone fracture
what is the aim of the fixation in osteosynthesis?
maintain the reduction
to create adequate stability which allows early and optimal function
minimizes pain
what is the aim of reduction in osteosynthesis?
restore the anatomy and morphology,
restore the relationship between the proximal and distal main fragments
Immobilize the fracture while healing takes place
What are the types of osteosynthesis?
- Extramedullary: Plate and screws,tension band
- Kirschner wires or K-wires or pins
- intramedullary: rod or intramedullary nail
What are the indications for osteosynthesis?
- Displaced fracture (>2mm)
- Unstable fractures (cannot be fixated externally)
- Multi-fragmented fractures
What are the advantages for plate and screw fixation?
Tension and Compression
- Forces the bone together at the fracture
Bridging - For fragmentary bone fractures. Bridging can allow for relative stability along the bone, while not disturbing the bone fragments.
What is a potential complication of wire fixation?
Migration of K-wires can occur; instead of backing out the wire can move deeper (puncturing vessels).
What are the potential complications of osteosynthesis?
Mechanical failure (breaking, bending, migration)
Infection
Nerve injury
Vascular injury
Compartment syndrome
