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RMT - LtB > 3 - Kines - Unit 1 - Shoulder & Arm > Flashcards

3 - Kines - Unit 1 - Shoulder & Arm Flashcards

1
Q

Muscles Origins, Insertion & actions - Deltoid

A

The “shoulder” muscle

[Origin]
Spine of the scapula
Acromion process of the scapula
Lateral third of the clavicle

[Insertion]
Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus (lateral mid-humeral shaft)

[Action]
Flexion of the shoulder
Extension of the shoulder
Abduction of the shoulder

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2
Q

Muscles Origins, Insertion & actions - Trapezius

A

[Origin]
Base of the skull
Nuchal ligament
Spinous processes of C7-T12

[Insertion]
Spine of the scapula
Acromion process of the scapula
Lateral third of the clavicle

[Action]
Elevation of the scapula
Depression of the scapula
Retraction of the scapula

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3
Q

Muscles Origins, Insertion & actions - Latissimus Dorsi

A

The broadest muscle of the back

[Origin]
Spinous processes of T7-Sacrum
Thoracolumbar Aponeurosis
Iliac crest

[Insertion]
Crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus

[Action]
Adduction of the shoulder
Extension of the shoulder
Internal rotation of the shoulder

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4
Q

Muscles Origins, Insertion & actions - Teres Major

A

[Origin]
Inferior angle of the scapula
Lower lateral border of the scapula

[Insertion]
Crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus

[Action]
Adduction of the shoulder
Extension of the shoulder
Internal rotation of the shoulder

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5
Q

Muscles Origins, Insertion & actions - Rotator cuff muscles

A

SITS

  • Supraspinatus
  • Infraspinatus
  • Teres Minor
  • Subscapularis
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6
Q

Muscles Origins, Insertion & Actions - Rotator cuff muscles - Supraspinatus

A

[Origin]
Supraspinous fossa of the scapula

[Insertion]
Greater tubercle of the humerus

[Action]
Abduction of the shoulder

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7
Q

Muscles Origins, Insertion & Actions - Rotator cuff muscles - Infraspinatus

A

[Origin]
Infraspinous fossa of the scapula

[Insertion]
Greater tubercle of the humerus

[Action]
External rotation of the shoulder

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8
Q

Muscles Origins, Insertion & Actions - Rotator cuff muscles - Teres Minor

A

[Origin]
Upper lateral border of the scapula

[Insertion]
Greater tubercle of the humerus

[Action]
External rotation of the shoulder

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9
Q

Muscles Origins, Insertion & Actions - Rotator cuff muscles - Subscapularis

A

[Origin]
Subscapular fossa of the scapula

[Insertion]
Lesser tubercle of the humerus

[Action]
Internal rotation of the shoulder

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10
Q

Muscles Origins, Insertion & Actions - Rhomboids (major and Minor)

A

[Origin]
Spinous processes C7-T5

[Insertion]
Medial border of the scapula

[Action]
Retraction of the scapula

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11
Q

Muscles Origins, Insertion & Actions - Serratus Anterior

A

[Origin]
Anterior surface of the first eight ribs

[Insertion]
Medial border of the scapula

[Action]
Protraction of the scapula

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12
Q

Muscles Origins, Insertion & Actions - Levator scapula

A

[Origin]
Transverse processes of C1-C4

[Insertion]
Superior angle of the scapula

[Action]
Elevation of the scapula

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13
Q

Muscles Origins, Insertion & Actions - Pectoralis Major

A

[Origin]
Sternum
Ribs
Medial half of the clavicle

[Insertion]
Crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus

[Action]
Adduction of the shoulder
Internal rotation of the shoulder
Horizontal adduction of the shoulder

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14
Q

Muscles Origins, Insertion & Actions - Pectoralis Minor

A

[Origin]
Anterior surface of the 3rd, 4th & 5th ribs

[Insertion]
Coracoid process of the scapula

[Action]
Protraction of the scapula
Depression of the scapula

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15
Q

Muscles Origins, Insertion & Actions - Coracobrachialis

A

[Origin]
Coracoid process of the scapula

[Insertion]
Medial surface of mid-humeral shaft

[Action]
Flexion of the shoulder
Adduction of the shoulder

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16
Q

Muscles that form the auxiliary (= arm pit) borders

A
  • Lattissimus dorsi
  • Teres major
  • Pectoralis major
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17
Q

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)

Test bonus question: write definition

A

A tight pectoralis minor can compress the neurovascular bundle of the upper extremity causing pain, abnormal sensations and weakness in the upper extremity

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18
Q

Shoulder Complex or pectoral Girdles - Bones

A

6 bones - 3 each side

  • Scapula (shoulder blades) - x2
  • Humerus (arm bone) - x2
  • Clavicle (collar bone) - x2
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19
Q

Landsmarks - Definition - Border

A

An edge of a bone

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20
Q

Landsmarks - Definition - Angle

A

Created by two borders coming together

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21
Q

Landsmarks - Definition - Fossa

A

A shallow depression or dent in a bone

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22
Q

Landsmarks - Definition - Process

A

A prominent bony growth that projects

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23
Q

Landsmarks - Definition - Tubercle

A

A small, rounded process

Tendon attachement point

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24
Q

Landsmarks - Definition - Head

A

A rounded projection at the end of a bone at an articulation

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25
Q

Landsmarks - Definition - Sulcus

A

A ditch like groove

26
Q

Landsmarks - Definition - Tuberosity

A

A large, rounded, usually roughened protuberance

27
Q

Landsmarks - Definition - Aponeurosis

A

A board sheet of connective tissue

28
Q

Landsmarks - Scapula

A
  • Medial (Vertebral) border
  • Lateral (Axiliary) border
  • Superior angle
  • Inferior angle
  • Spine of the scapula
  • Subscapular fossa (on the anterieur surface - under the scapula)
  • Supraspinous fossa (on the posterior surface of the scapula, above the spine of the scapula)
  • Infraspinous fossa (on the posterior of the scapula below the spine of the scapula)
  • Glenoid fossa (most lateral fossa of the scapula = shoudler joint ?)
  • Acromion process
  • Coracoid process
  • Supraglenoid tubercle
  • Infraglenoid tubercle
29
Q

Landsmark - Humerus (proximal end)

A
  • Head
  • Greater tubercle (larger and lateral)
  • Lesser tubercle (smaller and medial)
  • Intertubercular groove (aka bicipital sulcus)
  • Crest of the greater tubercle
  • Crest of the lesser tubercle
  • Deltoid tuberosity
30
Q

Landsmark - Clavicle

A
  • Acromial (lateral) end - connects the clavicle to the scapula
  • Sternal (medial) end - connects the clavicle to the sternum
31
Q

Landsmark - Miscellaneous structures

A
  • Spinous and transverse processes of vertebra
  • Nuchal ligament (attaches to the posterior portions of the cervical vertebrae)
  • Thoracolumbar aponeurosis
  • Iliac crest (top edge of the flat portion of the hip bone)
  • Sacrum
  • Ribs and Sternum (breast bone)
32
Q

Shoulder Complex or pectoral Girdles - 4 Joints

A 
3 true joints - Synovial or Freely Movable joints
- Sternoclavicular joint
- Acromioclavicular joint
- Glonohumeral joint
Not a true joint
- Scapulothoracic joint
33
Q

Shoulder Complex or pectoral Girdles - Sternoclavicular joint

A
  • AKA SC joint or SCJ

- Formed by the sternum and the medial clavicle

34
Q

Shoulder Complex or pectoral Girdles - Acromioclavicular joint

A
  • AKA AC joint or ACJ

- Formed by the acromion process of the scapula and lateral clavicle

35
Q

Shoulder Complex or pectoral Girdles - Glonohumeral joint

A
  • AKA GH joint or GHJ

- Formed by the glenoid fossa of the scapula and the head of the humerus

36
Q

Shoulder Complex or pectoral Girdles - Scapulothoracic joint

A
  • AKA ST joint or STJ

- Location where the scapula slides upon the thorax

37
Q

Movements - Flexion

A

Decrease of the angle in a joint by bringing bones together

38
Q

Movements- Extension

A

Increase of the angle in a joint by bringing bones apart

39
Q

Movements - Abduction

A

Lateral movement away from the midline of the trunk of the body

40
Q

Movements - Adduction

A

Medial movement towards the midline of the trunk of the body

41
Q

Movements - External rotation

A

Rotary movement around the axis of the limb away from the midline

42
Q

Movements - Internal rotation

A

Rotary movement around the axis of a limb towards the midline

43
Q

Movements - Horizontal abduction

A

Abduction of a limb (away from midline) in the transverse plane

44
Q

Movements - Horizontal adduction

A

Adduction of a limb (toward midline) in the transverse plane

45
Q

Movements - Elevation

A

Movement superiorly

46
Q

Movements - Depression

A

Movement inferiorly

47
Q

Movements - Retraction

A

Movements backwards towards the spine

48
Q

Movements - Protraction

A

Movements forwards away from the spine

49
Q

Movements - Shoulder movements

+ Glenohumeral joint / Humeral Movements / Arm

A
  • Flexion of the shoulder
  • Extension of the shoulder
  • Abduction of the shoulder
  • Adduction of the shoulder
  • External (lateral) of the shoulder
  • Internal (medial) of the shoulder
  • Horizontal Abduction of the shoulder - aka Horizontal Extension
  • Horizontal Adduction of the shoulder - aka Horizontal Flexion
50
Q

Movements - Scapula movements

Scapulothoracic joint

A
  • Elevation of the scapula
  • Depression of the scapula
  • Retraction (adduction) of the scapula
  • Protraction (abduction) of the scapula
51
Q

Movements - Shoulder flexion

A
  • Deltoid (primary)

- Coracobrachialis

52
Q

Movements - Shoulder extension

A
  • Deltoid
  • Lats
  • Teres Major
53
Q

Movements - Shoulder abduction

A
  • Deltoid

- Supraspinatus

54
Q

Movements - Shoulder adduction

A
  • Lats
  • Teres Major
  • Pectoralis Major
55
Q

Movements - Shoulder internal rotation

A
  • Subscapularis
  • Pectoralis major
  • Lats
  • Teres Major
56
Q

Movements - Shoulder external rotation

A
  • Infraspinatus

- Teres Minor

57
Q

Movements - Shoulder elevation

A
  • Levator scapula

- Trapezius

58
Q

Movements - Shoulder depression

A
  • Trapezius

- Pectoralis Minor

59
Q

Movements - Scapula protraction

A
  • Serratus anterior

- Pectoralis Minor

60
Q

Movements - Scapula retraction

A
  • Rhomboid

- Trapezius

RMT - LtB (24 decks)

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