1 - Massage - Unit 1 - Basics Flashcards
Touch
First technique in developing a therapeutic relationship.
Quality and sense of touch conveys intent and power of the movements.
7 factors to consider as components in application of massage:
- direction of movement
- amount of pressure
- rate and rhythm of the movements
- medium (type of lubricant)
- frequency and duration of the treatment
- position of the client
- position if the massage practitioner
Direction
Direction can move from the center of the body out (centrifugal) or from the extremities in toward the center of the body (centripetal)
Direction - Centrifugal
From center of the body out
Direction - Centripetal
Toward the center of the body
Depth of pressure
Compressible stress.
Can be: light, moderate, deep or variable
Depth of pressure - Drag
Amount of pull (stretch) on the tissue (tensile stress)
Light pressure movements
Applied over thin tissues or over bony parts
Heavy pressure movements
Indicated for thick tissues of fleshy parts of the body
Speed of manipulation
Fast, slow or variable mode
Rhythm
Regularity of application of the technique
Regular intervals = even or rythmic
Gentle movements
Slow rhythm
Soothing and relaxing
Vigorous movements
Quick rhythm
Stimulating
Frequency
Rate at which the method repeats itself in a given timeframe.
Generally how many times are each méthod repeated (frequency) before moving or switching to different approach?
3 times
Duration
Length of time that the method lasts or the manipulation stays in the same direction
Number of massages movements and possible combinations of strokes allow to…
… tailor the massage to specific needs of each client
The fundamental manipulation used in Swedish massage are
- Touch
- Effleurage (gliding stroke) - feather/nerve stroking
- Pétrissage (kneading ) - fulling, skin rolling, compression)
- Friction (rubbing strokes) - rolling, chucking, wringing
- Vibration (powerful stroke/shaking movements) - shaking, rocking
- Tapotement - hacking, cupping, slapping (splatting), tapping, beating + pounding
Effleurage
- aka gliding stroke/feather stroking/nerves stroke
- One of the most versatile manipulation
- Pressure become firmer as the hand glides over the surface of the body
Effleurage technique is accomplished with
Practitioner body parts?
- fingers
- thumbs
- palm of hand
- knuckles
- forearms
Effleurage - Varieties
- superficial (incl feather stroking?)
- deep
Effleurage - Superficial
- Very light touch
- Applied prior to any other movement
- Accustoms client to the practitioner’s contact
- Allows practitioner to assess the body area being massaged.
- Stays within the skin and subcutaneous layer
- Have a more reflexive effect
Effleurage - Deep gliding
- Have a mechanical effect
- Especially valuable when applied to muscles
- Most effective when part under treatment is in state of relaxation
- Practitioner must use good body mechanics (prevent strain & overuse syndrome injuries)
Effleurage - Deep gliding effects
- stretching and broadening of tissue and fascia
- enhance the venous blood and lymph flow
Effleurage - Deep gliding directions
- Follows the direction of the muscles fibers
- On the extremities: always directed from the end of the limb toward the center of the body.
Effleurage - Feather stroking
- aka nerve stroking
- very light pressure of the fingertips of hand with long flowing strokes
Effleurage - Feather stroking direction
Done from center outward
Effleurage - Feather stroking timing
Used as final stroke to individual areas of body
Effleurage - The 2 superficial strokes speed effects
Slow & superficial : very soothing
Fast & superficial: stimulating
Effleurage usually used after
Initial touch
Effleurage good when
- Applying lubricant
- evaluating for hard and soft tissues
- evaluating for hot and cold areas
- evaluating for areas that seem stuck
Effleurage preferred for
abdominal massage
Petrissage
card to be revised
Used to decrease muscle tone
Requires soft tissues to be lifted, rolled and squeezed
Fingers to be used as a unit along with thenar eminence of the thumb
Petrissage movements are
- Fulling
- Skin Rolling
- Compression
Petrissage - Reflexive relaxation
Card to review and confirm
Lifting, rolling and squeezing affect stretch receptors in the muscle and tendons resulting in the muscle to relax to avoid harm.
Petrissage mechanical effect
Soften and create space around the actual muscles fibers and making tendons more pliable
Tension on the pulled tendon deforms the connective tissue and mechanically warms it
Petrissage - Skin Rolling
- Lifting only the skin from underlying muscle layer
- Warming and softening effect on the superficial facia
- Reflexive stimulation to the spinal nerve
- Excellent assessment method
- One the rare method safely used directly over the spine
Petrissage - Compression (& effects)
- Main method used in shiatsu & other oriental approches
- Effect results from pressing the tissue against the underlying bone, causing it to spread and squeezed from two sides
- stimulates muscles and nerve tissues - less desirable for relaxation and soothing
Petrissage - Ischemic Compression
Aka direct pressure
Very specific pinpoint compression
Used on acupuncture points (motors points) and trigger points
Petrissage - Deeper compression
More mechanical effects